老盘子
发表于 2008-7-22 19:33:00
<p>已经预约好了,去看国朝盛世</p>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:09:00
<p><strong>公元前21世纪~前8世纪的精品文物<br/></strong> 公元前2100年前后,夏禹在治水中脱颖而出,建立夏朝,“禅让”变为“世袭”。商周时期,礼乐渐趋兴盛,并伴随频繁的祭祀。从大量出土的精美的青铜礼乐器中,可以遥感当年礼仪的庄严与繁复。甲骨文、金文则记录着这一文明的进程。</p><p><table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><p><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/58602281.jpg" alt=""/> </p></td><td> </td><td><p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"><strong>最早的青铜酒杯——铜爵</strong><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">夏(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2070</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1600</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:带流长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">14.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、高</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="13.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">13.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/>1984</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年河南偃师县二里头出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏<br/><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 铜爵为酒器,是中国历史上出现最早的青铜容器。该器采用复合范铸造而成。形体轻薄,长流尖尾,三足高尖且外侈。长流和尾的造型,加强了重心,使之平衡,且又对称美观。整体造型纤秀简洁,舒展空灵,如同凌空飞翔的鸟,体现了古代匠师的聪明巧思。此爵以其棱角分明的长流、束腰修长的身姿呈现出金属器所特有的神态,成为时代最早、器形最美的青铜器典型代表。</span></p></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></p>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:10:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><p align="center"><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/704915309.jpg" alt=""/></p></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国最早的体系完整的文字</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">刻辞甲骨</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">
<font face="宋体"><br/></font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商后期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">18.4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="11.7" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">11.7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">河南安阳小屯村出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国社会科学院考古学研究所藏<br/><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国古代占卜时多用龟甲和兽骨。其中龟甲称为卜甲,多用龟的腹甲;兽骨称为卜骨,多用牛的肩胛骨。卜甲和卜骨,合称为甲骨。使用甲骨进行占卜,要先取材、锯削、刮磨,再用金属工具在甲骨上钻出圆窝,在圆窝旁凿出菱形的凹槽。然后用火灼烧甲骨,根据甲骨反面裂出的兆纹判断凶吉。甲骨上一般契刻有占卜的文字</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">甲骨文。这块甲骨上就有刻辞,记载了癸亥日占卜求雨的事情。<br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">甲骨文是商代后期王室用于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><a href="http://g1a83.mail.126.com/archselina/桌面/view/22925.htm"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">占卜</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">记事而刻(或写)在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><a href="http://g1a83.mail.126.com/archselina/桌面/view/136214.htm"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">龟甲</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">和兽骨上的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><a href="http://g1a83.mail.126.com/archselina/桌面/view/32894.htm"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">文字</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,被列为“通向商代文明的五道门径(分别为甲骨文、传统历史文献、青铜器、考古学、理论模式)”之一。它打开了观察</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">3000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年前黄河流域人们生活的窗户。</span></p></p></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:11:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/775410437.png" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"><strong>商代宫殿的缩影——偶方彝<br/></strong></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代武丁时期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1250</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1192</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">60</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">69.2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口宽</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="17.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">17.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="千克" sourcevalue="71" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">71</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">千克</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1976</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年河南安阳殷墟妇好墓出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏<br/><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 彝为容酒器,因形似两件方彝联成一体,故称偶方彝。通体以云雷纹衬地,以浮雕技法表现了饕餮(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">tāotiè</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)、鸱鸮(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">chī xiāo</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)、夔(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">kuí</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)龙、大象等动物形象。在器体的长侧边缘口沿,各有七个缺口,缺口是专为放置酒斗而设计的。四面斜坡状器盖,斜脊线及坡面中线上均铸出扉棱,盖脊有二钮,便于启合彝盖。器底铭“妇好”二字。整器看上去极似商代宫殿的“四阿”式屋顶,是商代宫殿建筑的缩影</span></p></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:12:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/833212361.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">礼神酒器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">铜猪尊<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代晚期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、通高</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="40" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">40</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="千克" sourcevalue="19.75" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">19.75</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">千克</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1981</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年湖南湘潭县出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">湖南省博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 尊为酒器。此尊以猪的形象为整体造型。猪背上开椭圆形口,设盖,为酒的出入口。盖上铸小鸟增加情趣,疏密相间的纹饰更显高贵,可见当时设计者的观察写实能力和制作者技艺的精湛;前后肘部有横穿的圆孔管,从实用的角度考虑,此器盛满酒之后,一个人难以搬运,有此管孔,可以穿系绳索,供人抬举。尊盛酒后,难以倒出,应配备有取酒的勺;口两侧有獠牙,从动物进化的角度看,不属于家养,而是一只孔武有力的野公猪。以野猪作为铜尊形制,在现有的商代青铜器中仅此一例。商周时期的象生动物具有表意的功能及象征的意味,艺术地表现了人们的原始宗教观念。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:12:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/2480730654.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">犀角形酒器——龙纹铜兕觥(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">sìgōng</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代晚期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">19</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">43</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="13.4" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">13.4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1959</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年山西省石楼桃花庄出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">山西博物院藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 兕觥为盛酒器。《诗经》屡见其名,如《卷耳》:“我姑酌彼兕觥。”初多以犀角制作,此器是作为礼器而以铜仿犀角之形。此件兕觥前端龙首,盖面饰有逶迤的龙体,与前端的龙头相衔接,浑然一体。口部两排锯齿形牙的间隙可注酒。器物的功用与龙嘴巧妙结合起来,构思新颖。器身两侧饰夔(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">kuí</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)龙纹和鼍(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">tuó</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)纹,头部均向后方,与盖上的龙形方向相反,交错变化,使纹饰更加生动。口沿两侧的贯耳可系绳悬挂。如此造型的酒器迄今仅此一例。鼍也称扬子鳄,青铜器上较为少见,或许山西在商代也是扬子鳄生长的地区。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:13:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/959332477.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">狞厉之美</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">龙虎纹铜尊<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代晚期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:器高</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="50.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">50.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,口径</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="44.9" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">44.9</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重约</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公斤" sourcevalue="20" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">20</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">千克</span></chmetcnv></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1957</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年安徽阜南县阜南月儿河出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 尊为盛酒器。龙虎纹铜尊以圆雕、浮雕与线刻相结合的装饰方式,组合成严整的画面。肩部有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">条蜿蜒的游龙,龙首突出于器身之外。腹部为一首双身的虎,口衔一文身、屈四肢的裸体人形,虎首突起成圆雕。器表纹饰凸起,器内跟着凹进,这种铸造工艺在长江中游地区较为多见。相同的虎噬人形象见于殷墟妇好墓所出的妇好铜钺和四川省广汉三星堆遗址</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">号祭祀坑所出的龙虎纹铜尊。其含意众说纷纭,有学者认为是饕餮(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">tāotiè</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)食人的形象,或认为虎非食人而是护人。龙虎尊铸造精良,造型完美,是商代青铜艺术的杰作。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:13:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/633012981.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">千年奇“脸”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">人面纹铜方鼎<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代晚期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">38.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">29.8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="23.7" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">23.7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1959</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年湖南宁乡黄材寨子山出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">湖南省博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 鼎为饪食器,也是权力和地位的象征。该器是目前发现的唯一一件以人面作为主体装饰的方鼎。器腹四面各高浮雕人面,虽大小不一,但五官部位、脸部表情如出一范,可见铸造者拥有十分高明的技巧,也许当时已经掌握了放大缩小的技术。人面写实逼真,表情肃穆,给人以庄严神秘的感觉,这可能是中国南方</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">3000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">多年前商代人的面貌写真,而其耳上有云勾角状物,下有手爪形饰,又有人认为这是古代文献中的“饕餮”(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"> tāotiè</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)形象。鼎腹内壁铸有“大禾”二字铭文,“禾”字如谷子抽穗时的植株形象,结合器壁的人面形象,有认为是对祭祀、祈祷谷物丰收的一种纪念。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:14:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/108509078.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">蜀国的始祖神</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">纵目铜人面<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代晚期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">85.4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="78" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">78</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1986</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年四川广汉市三星堆</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">号祭祀坑出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 人面中空,大嘴微张,两只耳朵好像鸟翅膀一样向外伸展着。额头上有一个奇特的装饰,是用补铸法安装上去的夔(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">kuí</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)龙。整个面具表情威严肃穆,表现手法夸张,将人兽自然有机的融合一体,创造出具有通天法力的神灵形像。据史籍记载,先秦时期第一代蜀王蚕丛,“其目纵,始称王”。一般认为它是蜀国始祖蚕丛的形象。而其两颊上下各有一长方形穿孔,推测此像可能是蜀民嵌于宗庙内木柱之上供奉。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:14:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/1211029195.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">“亚醜”国的见证物</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">人面铜钺</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><p></p></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 3.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代晚期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">32.7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="34.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">34.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公斤" sourcevalue="4.6" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">4.6千克</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1965</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年山东青州苏埠屯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">号墓出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">山东省博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 钺是古代的兵器,也用作刑具或仪仗用具。这件钺厚重精美,钺面透雕出张口怒目的人面形图案,显得狰狞威严,令人生畏。在人面两侧,各有铭文二字。有研究认为其为“亚丑”两字,并推测这里可能是“亚醜”的家族墓地,“亚醜”是今青州市境内商代最为强大的方国,是商的重要同盟者。此钺主人有可能是仅次于方伯之类的人物。</span></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:14:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/131784980.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"><a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/61291.htm" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>中国文化遗产标志</strong></span></span></a><strong><font face="Verdana">——</font><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">太阳神鸟金饰</span></strong><br/>商后期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:外径</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">12.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、内径</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">5.29</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、厚度</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue=".02" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">0.02</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重量</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="克" sourcevalue="20" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">20</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">克</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2001</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年成都金沙遗址出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">四川省成都博物院金沙遗址博物馆藏<br/><br/><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">整器图案采用镂空方式表现,分内外两层,内层周围等距分布十二条旋转的齿状光芒;外层由四只逆时针飞行的鸟组成。四只鸟首足相接,朝同一方向飞行,与内层漩涡旋转方向相反。有研究认为其外层</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">鸟代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">鸟负日,也代表春夏秋冬四季轮回,内层</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">12</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">道芒纹代表一年十二个月周而复始。这是古代蜀人崇拜太阳的物证,也许当时古蜀人已经掌握了岁、时、月的概念以及形成的原因。<br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">太阳神鸟图案表达着追求光明、团结奋进、和谐包容的精神寓意,而且构图严谨、线条流畅、极富美感,是古代人民“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/4259.htm" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">天人合一</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">”的哲学思想、丰富的想象力、非凡的艺术创造力和精湛的工艺水平的完美结合。</span><chsdate wst="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="16" month="8" year="2005"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2005</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">16</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">日</span></chsdate><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">“太阳神鸟”金饰正式成为中国文化遗产标志。</span></p></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:15:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/2592623491.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商代最大的青铜乐器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">象纹铜铙(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">náo</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商后期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">103.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、重</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="千克" sourcevalue="221.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">221.5千</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">克</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1983</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年湖南省宁乡黄材镇月山乡转耳仑出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">湖南省长沙市博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 铙是打击乐器,主要用于军旅和祭祀活动。这件象纹大铙重达</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公斤" sourcevalue="221.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">221.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">千克</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,是商代最大的青铜乐器,被誉为商代青铜乐器之王。主体合瓦形,下附圆筒形甬,旋上饰卷尾的双身龙纹,正鼓部饰侧面立象一对,两两相对,好似在交流嬉戏,惟妙惟肖。使用时口朝天,柄置于座上,敲击铙之鼓部,声音雄浑空阔,悠扬久远。商代人重视对祖先和自然神的崇拜,祭祀时要用牺牲和礼器。人们追求礼器的高大和精致,更能表达对神灵的虔诚敬意。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:15:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/151707907.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">磬中之王</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"><strong>虎纹石磬</strong><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">商后期(约公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">84</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="42" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">42</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1950</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年河南安阳殷墟武宫村出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏<br/><br/><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">罄为打击乐器。这是迄今发现形体最大、艺术精美的商磬。謦分为特磬和编磬两种:单个为特磬,编磬由若干个磬组成。这枚虎纹石磬是单件,即特磬。用青灰色石料制成,一面以细双线刻一伏虎图案,瞪目张牙的虎形与器形浑然融为一体。据测定,此磬有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">个间阶,可演奏不同乐曲。发音浑厚洪亮,音色近似青铜,并有较长的延续音。<br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">古代磬多用于祭祀。《尚书·益稷(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">jì</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)篇》载:“击石拊石,百兽率舞”,表现了先民敲击石磬,举行大型祭祀舞蹈的场景。</span></p></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:16:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/1132722049.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">周武王伐商的见证物</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">利簋(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">guǐ</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">西周武王时期(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1043 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:高</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="32" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">32</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1976</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年陕西临潼出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 簋,主要用于放置煮熟的饭食,多用作礼器。这是目前发现时代最早的西周</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/31782.htm" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">青铜器</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,也是西周初年金文中叙述武王伐商的唯一珍贵史料。腹内底部铸铭文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">行</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">32</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">字,大意为:武王伐商,甲子日凌晨岁星正当其位,宜于征伐;战胜商朝八天后的辛未日,武王在军队驻地赏赐贵重金属铜给有功之臣</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">利,利就用铜来铸造宝器以作纪念。铭文载武王伐商的时间是甲子日;再有是从开战后的第八天,就对有关人员进行奖励,说明战争持续的时间不长。这些与文献《尚书·牧誓》、《逸周书·世俘》所载相吻合,都载周武王在甲子日征伐商王。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:16:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/1294524366.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">蜀<personname tabindex="0" wst="on" productid="国" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;">国</personname>君王的酒器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">兽面象首铜罍(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">léi</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">西周(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">771</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">69.4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口径</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="21.8" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">21.8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1980</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年四川省彭县竹瓦街窖藏出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">四川省博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 罍是盛酒器,《诗·周南·卷耳》记载:“我姑酌彼金罍”。金罍指的就是就是铜罍。彭县窖藏罍往往成对,大小、形制、纹饰大体相似,可视为列罍。列罍应与中原地区的列鼎制度相同,是身份地位的象征。能够拥有高规格列罍的人,应是蜀<personname tabindex="0" wst="on" productid="国的" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;">国的</personname>君王,据研究当是杜宇氏蜀王。窖藏的原因当因杜宇氏蜀王被开明氏蜀王取代。罍的双耳为立雕象首,扉棱四出,华丽优美。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:16:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/1294524366.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">蜀<personname tabindex="0" wst="on" productid="国" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;">国</personname>君王的酒器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">兽面象首铜罍(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">léi</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">西周(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">771</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">69.4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口径</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="21.8" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">21.8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1980</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年四川省彭县竹瓦街窖藏出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">四川省博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 罍是盛酒器,《诗·周南·卷耳》记载:“我姑酌彼金罍”。金罍指的就是就是铜罍。彭县窖藏罍往往成对,大小、形制、纹饰大体相似,可视为列罍。列罍应与中原地区的列鼎制度相同,是身份地位的象征。能够拥有高规格列罍的人,应是蜀<personname tabindex="0" wst="on" productid="国的" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;">国的</personname>君王,据研究当是杜宇氏蜀王。窖藏的原因当因杜宇氏蜀王被开明氏蜀王取代。罍的双耳为立雕象首,扉棱四出,华丽优美。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:17:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/1942210397.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">藩屏周室的力作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">虢(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">guó</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)季子白盘<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">西周宣王时期(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">827</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">782</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年) <br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">137.2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">86.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、高</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="39.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">39.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="千克" sourcevalue="215.3" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">215.3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">千克</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">传陕西宝鸡出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 虢季子白盘是周宣王时期的青铜重器。盘是盥洗器。内底有铭文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">111</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">字,记载虢季子白征伐北方民族的一次战争,杀死五百名敌人,活捉五十名俘虏,周王为其设宴庆功,虢季子白作盘以为纪念。西周初年分封诸侯,文王之弟虢叔始封宝鸡,后东迁三门峡地域,虢季子白就是虢氏家族成员。宝鸡市东南是丰镐的西大门,三门峡境内有交通要塞函谷关和必经要津“茅津渡”,对于周王室安全有着极为重要的战略意义,从虢季子白的军功和虢氏家族所居之地看,西周初年的分封制,确实起到了“以藩屏周”的重要作用。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:17:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/2016325453.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">依律刑罚的物证</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">刖(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">yuè</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)人守门铜车形器<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">西周(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">771</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">9.1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">13.7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、宽</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="11.3" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">11.3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1989</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年山西省闻喜县出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">山西博物院藏<br/><br/><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厢式六轮车形,内可置梳妆用品。两档有门,门旁各立一个受刖刑的裸人,一档为断左足者拄杖扶门拴。盖钮、四角有猴、虎、熊、鸟等,姿态各异,这应是“域养禽兽”的苑囿之景。苑囿是以园林为主的离宫,内养禽兽,供帝王游憩、骑射等活动。全器可转动的部位共十五处,构思奇特,制作精巧,迄今仅见一件。<br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">自西周始,中国已有较完备的犯罪处罚制,铜车形器是刑史上一件重要的物证。刖刑,即断足。</span></p></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:18:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><p align="center"><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0708/9857/files_founder_2046965/2990116391.jpg" alt=""/></p></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">佩玉之礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">玉组佩<br/></span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">西周(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1046</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">771</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)<br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通长</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="2" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">(共</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">204</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">件),最大璜长</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="15.8" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">15.8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1993</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年山西天马曲村晋侯墓地</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">63</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">号墓出土<br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">山西博物院藏<br/><br/><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> 大型组玉佩为西周首创,是由多件玉器串连组成悬于身上的佩饰玉。其主体多以璜、牌形饰、管、珠等串连而成。据研究,大型组玉佩的使用范围有可能仅限于公、侯等诸<personname tabindex="0" wst="on" productid="侯国国" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;">侯国国</personname>君及其夫人或有相应封号的贵族。此玉组佩由</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">204</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">件各色玉饰组成,长达</span><chmetcnv tabindex="0" wst="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="2" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">多,可以从头部一直覆盖到脚部,是整个墓地最大的玉礼器组合。组佩中璜的数量竟达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">45</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">件,将多璜组玉佩的形制推向了中国历史的极致。整组玉佩结构之复杂、组合之规整、饰纹之精湛,使人不难想像主人生前佩戴时的雍容华贵。这件国宝的拥有者为距今</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">多年前的晋穆<personname tabindex="0" wst="on" productid="侯的次" style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x;">侯的次</personname>夫人杨姞。</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-23 09:19:00
<p><font size="4">看来这次展览真是货真价实了。还没见过如此多国宝汇于一次展览的。一定去看。</font></p>
析津志
发表于 2008-7-23 10:38:00
免不免费,并不重要,关键是让不让拍照.
宿城小雪
发表于 2008-7-23 12:15:00
<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>笑溪</i>在2008-7-22 19:29:41的发言:</b><br/>未必都是特别有名的文物,但其中值得看的肯定不少,比如河姆渡的那个</div><p>都是惊世的东西,河姆渡那个是牙雕!史前的牙雕啊!!</p><p>要么是早熟知最好的!要么是最近些年发现的惊世之作,都是难见的东西呢!</p>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:37:00
<p><strong>公元前8世纪~前3世纪的精品文物<br/></strong> 高度发达的礼乐文明,不仅成就了自身的辉煌,也辐射到周边地区。受其影响,周边地区在特定的自然环境和自身文化中孕育出独具魅力的区域文明,相同材质造就了不同的器形,蕴含着不同的文化符号。</p><p><table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/2149413235.jpg" alt=""/> </td><td> </td><td> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">楚国宰相的礼器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">王子午铜鼎(附匕)</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">春秋(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">770</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">476</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="62" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">62、</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">匕长</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="63" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">63</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1978</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年河南省淅川县下寺出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 这是淅川下寺二号墓所出七件列鼎之一。鼎腹的周围,附有六只以失蜡法铸就的怪兽,前爪紧抓住口沿,后爪蹬着腰部,似在觊觎鼎中的美食。内腹与盖有铭文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">85</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">字,字体修长,笔画婉转逶迤,颇多类似鸟虫书一样的装饰性笔画,看上去别具一格。铭文大意为王子午自铸铜鼎,以祭先祖文王,进行盟祀,我施德政于民,因而受到尊重,望子孙后代以此为准则。王子午即《左传》所记载的“公子午”,又名子庚,楚庄王之子,楚共王之弟,楚康王二年任令尹(相当于丞相)。精湛的制作工艺和弧线的运用,此鼎进入了非常完美的境界。</span></td></tr></tbody></table></p>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:41:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/2163827413.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">越人留在湘江流域的酒器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">动物纹提梁铜卣</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">春秋(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">770</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">476</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">50</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、最大腹径</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="38" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">38</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1988</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年湖南衡阳县赤石乡出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">湖南省衡阳博物馆藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <font face="宋体"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">卣(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">yǒu</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">),酒器,古文献和铜器铭文常有“秬鬯</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">juchang</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)一卣”,秬鬯是古代祭祀时用的一种香酒。此提梁铜卣出土于湖南湘江流域春秋时期的墓葬中,它的形制与中原地区西周时期的铜卣相似,但盖上和腹部装饰的蛇纹、蛙纹等,不见于中原商周同类器物。加之形制、纹饰相近的铜卣湖南湘潭还有出土。因此,这件铜卣应是湘江流域越人仿制中原西周铜卣的作品。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 越人在先秦两汉时期广泛分布于中国南方地区,秦汉以后大部分融合于汉族,一部分与今天的壮族、侗族等有着密切的关系。此卣铸造精良,可知春秋时湘江流域的越人已有比较发达的铸铜水平。</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:41:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/2803824466.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">现实与虚幻交融的浮雕</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">鸟兽龙纹铜壶</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">
<p></p></span></strong><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">春秋晚期(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">770</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">476</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">44.2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口径</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">16.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、腹径</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="25" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">25</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="6820" unitname="克"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">6.82千</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">克</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1923</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年山西浑源李峪村出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">上海博物馆藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 壶为酒器,也可作水器。以浮雕方式把器物装饰得精致富丽,怪异诡奇,主体纹饰是人首鸟体的怪兽和龙相互缠绕,人首鸟体的怪兽《山海经》上多有记载,如“讙头国在其南,其为人人面有翼,鸟喙,方捕鱼。”“有元丹之山,有五色之鸟,人面有发。”人首鸟体的怪兽能和龙相互缠绕,应是一种神异之兽,体现出人们对神灵世界的好奇与幻想。在纹饰之间还浮雕有虎食人和牛、豹等动物,腹下一周雁纹,这些纹饰在自然界中可以见到实物。纹饰的虚实结合和冶铸的精致,体现了春秋时期晋国青铜铸造业的高度水平</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:42:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/2274225925.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">龙蟠虎踞壮威严</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">龙虎四环铜鼓座</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><p></p></span></strong><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">春秋(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">770</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">476</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:残高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">29</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、直径</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="80" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">80</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,重约</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="100" unitname="公斤"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">100</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">千克</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><br/>1980</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年安徽省舒城县孔集出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">安徽省博物馆藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 承载鼓的座架。鼓是用于战争、祭祀乐舞等活动的乐器。《国语·吴语》中有:“载常建鼓,挟经秉枹,万人以为方阵。”从水陆攻战图像上看,建鼓作为军乐器,常与丁宁共同使用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">此器造型奇特,口沿作虎和龙盘绕一周,虎张口作吼啸状,龙独角上翘,形象生动。古代文献记载龙为水族之长,虎是<personname wst="on" productid="山兽之">山兽之</personname>君,龙虎集于一身,显示出此鼓具有至高无上的权威。击鼓发声,似乎是龙吟虎啸。鼓座形体巨大,同类器罕见。器身满饰蟠虺纹,线条流畅。外壁铸有铭文两周,因锈蚀严重,难以辨认,从出土地点看应是舒国之器,也应是舒国高级贵族所使用的物品。</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:42:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/255895594.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">龙飞凤舞呈吉祥</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">龙凤形玉佩</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></strong>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">战国(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">475</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">221</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">11.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">21.4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、厚</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".9" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">0.9</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1977</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年安徽省长丰县杨公乡墓葬出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">安徽省考古研究所藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 此龙凤形玉佩共有两件,出土时分别置于人体盆骨的左右,显然是主人佩戴的成组玉佩中的一件。《礼记·玉藻》记载:“<personname wst="on" productid="古之">古之</personname>君子必佩玉……君子无故,玉不去身,君子于玉比德焉。”受礼教的渗透,导致佩玉风行,玉也成为了身份和地位的标志。此玉龙注重造型的变化和神态的表现,使弯曲盘绕的身躯充满活泼的气息和强烈的动感。龙凤组合浑然一体,体现了制作者丰富的想象力,也表达了人们期望龙凤呈祥的美好愿望。琢制工艺显得挥洒自如,得心应手。精湛的琢玉技术和昂扬的艺术风格,充分显示了战国时代那种奋发图强的精神面貌。</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:43:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/267438495.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">楚王的礼器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">酓(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">yǎn</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)前铜匜鼎</span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">战国(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">475</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">221</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:通高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">38.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口径</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">67.5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、流长</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="12" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">12</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><br/>1933</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年安徽寿县朱家集李三孤堆出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">安徽省博物馆藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 匜鼎是盛水器,有的匜鼎底部有烟炱痕迹,推测也可作煮食物用的器具。此匜鼎口沿外壁有铭文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">12</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">字:“楚王酓前作铸釶(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">y</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">í)鼎以共岁尝”。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">青铜器中的匜往往自铭“也”或“釶”,“釶”鼎即是匜鼎。《尔雅•释天》:“秋祭曰尝”,“以共岁尝”即是祭祀用的礼器,也是楚王的重要礼器。据考证楚王酓前为楚考烈王,公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">262</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">年至前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">238</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">年任楚王,即位后割地于秦以求和,后向东发展,在今山东境内灭邳、邹、费、鲁等。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><a title="前241年" href="http://www.soobb.com/Destination_Wiki_34153.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">前</span></span><span style="COLOR: #545454; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none;">241</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">年</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">与诸侯共伐秦,无功而回,为避秦逼,将楚都迁于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><a title="寿春" href="http://www.soobb.com/Destination_Wiki_12082.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US">寿春</span></span></a></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">。</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:43:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/2689628738.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">一器二用的食物箱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">曾侯乙铜冰鉴</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></strong>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">战国前期(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">475</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">338</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">
<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">63.2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口径</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="63" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">63</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">1978</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年湖北随县擂鼓墩曾侯乙墓出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">中国国家博物馆藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 铜冰鉴为方鉴内套方尊缶,方鉴底部安有弯形栓钩,正好插入缶足穿眼,把缶稳住。其中一只栓钩还装有倒钩,栓钩插入后,倒钩即自动倒下卡紧,使缶不能摇动。灌酒挹酒不需打开鉴盖,只用打开缶盖,设计巧妙。方鉴四面和四角各有一条攀附状的龙作耳,龙尾部又有小龙缠绕,并附有两朵小花点缀其上,状貌十分俏丽,铸作精细,是失蜡法铸造的较早的典范作品。盖内铭刻“曾侯乙作持用终”。方鉴与方尊缶之间有较大的空隙,可置冰块于其中冰冷食物,又可置木炭以温烫食物。既是最早的“冰箱”,也是最早的“烤箱”。</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
笑溪
发表于 2008-7-24 08:44:00
<table id="table1" width="500" align="left" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><img src="http://www.capitalmuseum.org.cn/Contents/Channel_408/2008/0709/9865/files_founder_1866611734/2441024699.jpg" alt=""/></td><td> </td><td><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">精致的烤火用具</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">铜炉、铜漏铲、铜炭篓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></strong>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">战国(公元前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">475</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">~前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">221</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">年)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">尺寸:炉高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">11.7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口径</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">40.3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、提链长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">34.3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、铲高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">20.3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">41.2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、篓高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">41</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">、口径</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="22" unitname="厘米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">22</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">厘米</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">荆州天星观二号墓出土</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">湖北省荆州博物馆藏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><p> </p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #545454; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> 古代取暧用具,炉为用炭生火器具,铲是铲木炭器具,篓为盛木炭器具。此类器具在春秋时期已经出现,在战国时期的高级贵族墓葬中都有发现,体现出人们对实用器物的重视。此套取暧用具设计精巧,炉两侧的提链便于搬运,铲和篓的漏眼将木炭碎屑漏出,放入炉中的木炭都是成形的木炭,烧起来通风较好,炉火兴旺,烤火者也心情舒畅。器表还装饰有兽面、雷纹、龙纹等,在烤火的同时还可以欣赏精美的纹饰,集实用与艺术于一身,确是一套精美的实用工艺品。</span></td></tr></tbody></table>