奇怪的菌类
<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; "> </span><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; font-size: large; ">去年我发表了“那位先生认识此菌”的帖子,树人版主认为我介绍的菌类可能是鬼笔科的菌类。今年在同一地点又发现了这种菌类,在整个郊野公园只有这一地点发现的唯一的一种菌。我进行了仔细观察。</span><div style="font-size: 14px; font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "><span style="font-size: large;"> 下面的图片是刚出土的型状,外型像鸡蛋。</span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; "><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px;"></span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: left; "><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px;"><br/></span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: left; "><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; "> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana;">我把一株菌的外壳剝开,里面是下面的图像:</span></span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; "><span style="font-family: Verdana;"></span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: left; "><span style="font-family: Verdana;"><br/></span></div><div style="text-align: left; "><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; font-family: Verdana; "> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: large; "><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">由</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">于</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">每</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">天</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">早</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">晨</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">都</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">有</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">人</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">捡</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">蘑</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">菇,</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">成</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; ">熟</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: large;">菌</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: large; ">株被</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: large; ">破坏的支离破碎。我把去年拍的一张成熟菌株贴</span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; "><span style="font-size: large;">上</span>。</span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; "><span style="font-family: Verdana;"><br/><br/></span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; "><span style="font-family: Verdana;"><br/></span></div><div style="font-family: Verdana; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; "><span style="font-family: Verdana;"><br/></span></div>[此贴子已经被作者于2012/5/23 10:56:26编辑过] <div class="quote" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "><b>以下是引用<i>树人treeman</i>在2012/5/23 15:02:00的发言:</b><br/>
<font face="Verdana"><a href="http://bbs.mydigit.cn/read.php?tid=313469&page=1" target="_blank">http://bbs.mydigit.cn/read.php?tid=313469&page=1</a> 生长过程吧不过菌生长图拍的很全还是感觉是马勃</font>
<div align="right"><font color="#000066">[此贴子已经被作者于2012/5/23 15:19:22编辑过]</font></div></div><div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><div align="right" style="text-align: left; "><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-family: Verdana; "> 感谢树人版主的讲解!本人感觉此菌与馬勃还是有一些区别的。首先外壳没破裂前最大只有鸡蛋大小,外</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-family: Verdana; ">壳</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-family: Verdana; ">破</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); ">裂后却长出了鲜艳的四楞锥体菌株,不知对不对。</span></span></div><div align="right" style="font-size: 14px; text-align: left; "><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-family: Verdana;"><br/></span></div></div><p style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2012/5/23 17:35:04编辑过] <img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2012-5/20125231442449604.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2012-5/20125231442454831.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2012-5/20125231442450365.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><font face="Verdana">
<p><br/>感觉老师拍到的像是马勃,它长的大的有排球般大!很有趣的菌类,如有不对还请网上好友和老师指正,<br/>马勃,俗称牛屎菇或马蹄包。属担子菌类马勃科。嫩时色白,圆球形如蘑菇,但较大,鲜美可食,嫩如豆腐。老则褐色而虚软,弹之有粉尘飞出,内部如海绵。</p>
<p>在六界分类法中,属于真菌界,珊瑚菌类。</p>
<p> 形态:呈扁球形或类球形,无不孕基部,直径15~20cm 包被:灰棕色至黄褐色,纸质,常破碎呈块片状,或已全部脱落 孢体:灰褐色或浅褐色,紧密,有弹性,用手撕之,内有灰褐色棉絮状的丝状物。触之则孢子呈尘土样飞扬,手捻有细腻感 气味:气似尘土,无味 <br/>常见种类脱皮马勃<br/> 子实体近球形至长圆形,直径15~20厘米。包被薄,易消失,外包被成块地与内包被脱离,内包被纸脱皮马勃<br/>状,浅烟色,成熟后全部消失,遗留成团的孢体随风滚动。孢体紧密。有弹性,灰褐色,渐退成浅烟色,由孢丝及孢子组成;孢丝长,分枝,相互交织,浅褐色,粗2~4.5微米;孢子褐色,球形,有小刺。直径4.5~5微米。生于草地上。 分布内蒙古、河北、陕西、甘肃、新疆、江苏、安徽、湖北、湖南、贵州等地。<br/>大颓马勃<br/> 孑实体球形或近球形,直径15~20厘米,或更大,不孕基部无或很小;包被白色,后变浅黄或淡青黄色,由膜状外被和较厚的内被所组成,初微具绒毛,渐变光滑,质脆,成熟后开裂成块而脱落,露出浅青褐色的孢体;孢子粉状,球形,光滑或有时具细微小疣,淡青黄色,直径3.5~5微米;孢丝长,与孢子同色,稍分枝,有稀少横隔,粗2.5~6微米。生于旷野草地上。 分布辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、甘肃、新疆、青海、江苏等地。<br/>紫色马勃<br/> 子实体陀螺形,直径5~12厘米,不孕基部发达;包被薄,两层,上部常裂成小块,逐渐脱落,内部紫色,当孢子及孢丝散失后遗留的不孕基部呈杯状;孢子粉状,球形,直径4~5.5微米,上有小刺;孢丝很长,分枝,有横隔,互相交织,色淡,粗2~5微米。生旷野草地上。 分布河北、新疆、青海、四川、湖北、安徽、江苏、广西、福建、海南等地。</font></p> <br/> <font face="Verdana"><a href="http://bbs.mydigit.cn/read.php?tid=313469&page=1">http://bbs.mydigit.cn/read.php?tid=313469&page=1</a> 生长过程吧不过菌生长图拍的很全还是感觉是马勃</font>
[此贴子已经被作者于2012/5/23 15:19:22编辑过] <font size="4">我们楼下原来也长过这样的一个大菇,但最后被小孩子踩了一脚,掉了一半</font> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, SimSun; line-height: 26px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none; ">我觉得是鬼笔,第一张图为</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, SimSun; line-height: 26px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none; ">发育之初</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;">的子</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, SimSun; line-height: 26px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none; ">实体,</span>生长<span style="font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; ">在地下,</span><span style="font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; ">近球形或卵形</span>,<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, SimSun; line-height: 26px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none; ">白色有弹性</span> <span style="font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; ">。第三张图为包被破裂,子实体长出地面后的形态,顶端深褐色的部分为具臭味的粘液。</span> <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>disonche</i>在2012/5/27 0:07:00的发言:</b><br/>
<p>小时候在坟地附近挖过这个东西,感觉像蘑菇,但是仔细观察的时候它好像会动,打开里面发现是红的。村里老人告诉我们这是蛇卵,一个可以孵出99条蛇,好吓人和诡异。</p></div>
<p>还有这种说法有趣有趣!!</p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2012/5/28 23:51:56编辑过] 树人老师过奖了,我来这里也是同大家相互交流学习的。平时的工作很忙,没有时间走近大自然,偶尔在版主开辟的这片天地里徜徉,使我还能与喜爱的花草亲近,真的十分感谢您! 柽柳老师对植物有多地方都是很权威的,蘑菇是生物三大界真菌界一个大类,我很多地方不太懂好友们还是应该相信柽柳老师的说法的 柽柳老师客气了! <p>小时候在坟地附近挖过这个东西,感觉像蘑菇,但是仔细观察的时候它好像会动,打开里面发现是红的。村里老人告诉我们这是蛇卵,一个可以孵出99条蛇,好吓人和诡异。</p> 马勃
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