[转帖]洼里的公主坟-冯其利
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">洼里的公主坟</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"> </span> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">安定门外洼里乡政府的所在地,地势略高于周围农田,早年有一座清代的公主坟。</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"> </span> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">公主是道光皇帝第四女寿安固伦公主,孝全成皇后钮祜禄氏所出,与咸丰帝同母。她生于道光六年四月,道光二十一年十月下嫁蒙古奈曼部台吉德穆楚扎克布。咸丰十年闰三月薨,享年三十五岁。公主坟当初占地较大,最后只有八十亩。坟地坐北向南,最南边有河一道,河的两边各有平桥一座,前行是东西朝房,朝房前有四棵楸树,在宫门外边有四棵老槐树,两棵龙爪槐。进宫门有享殿三间,享殿里供奉公主和额驸的“影”。享殿前边还有松树四棵,后边有十四棵,加上平时无人入内,松子一次收获可达数斗。享殿后边是月台,月台上有宝顶一座,宝顶下是条石的基座。宝顶后边,沿着圆弧形的红墙,还有白果松九棵。围墙亦称罗汉墙,南边高一丈五尺,北边高三丈。红墙东西住有照看坟地户四家。故老相传,公主是吞金自尽的,</span> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">【</span><span lang="EN-US">12_0219</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">】坟地没修完,额驸就去世了,没有另起坟,在一起合葬。据《清史稿》记载</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">额驸于道光二十八年承袭奈曼部扎萨克多罗达尔汉郡王,历官御前大臣、都统,赐紫缰、黄缰、亲五补服,同治四年卒,追赐亲王衔。他的去世时间,与修完公主坟时间相距不过一、二年。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">二十年代,额驸的曾孙郡王苏珠克图巴图尔已回本旗,北京的事由管事的杨世九负责。</span><span lang="EN-US">1937</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年“七·七事迹”后,土匪将宝顶刨开,殉葬品掠走,连公主和额驸的“影”也顺手牵羊。在</span><span lang="EN-US">1947</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年,国民党军开始陆续砍伐这里的树木,以致解放初期这里的树木无存。</span><span lang="EN-US">1958</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年成立鸭场,拆除了宝顶,清理了地宫,地宫里除棺椁外,人们还见到咸丰朝大钱数百斤。</span><span lang="EN-US">1972</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年,公社将残存建筑拆掉。如今,公主坟旧址仅存门槐一株、楸树两棵。</span></p> <br/> <br/>
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