看丹村药王庙
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">看丹村药王庙<span lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">北京丰台区有个看丹村,看丹村有个药王庙。据说唐代医学家孙思邈曾在此炼丹,明朝老百姓集资修建了这座庙宇。药王庙</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">开庙四百年来,香火不断,在京城西南地区享有盛誉,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1984</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年被公布为区级文物保护单位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2001</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">年投资</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">240</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">万元完成整体修缮,这以后每年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">4</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">28</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">日药王生辰,丰台区都要在此举办庙会。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">近日闲暇,顺便到药王庙探访。我是在看丹桥下的公交车,往西过铁路走了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">20</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">多分钟才找到看丹村,进村后在村民指引下找到了药王庙。老百姓说皇上曾来此处看道士炼丹,所以村名看丹村。也有的说历史上有名的“红丸案”就与此有关。明朝</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">泰昌帝朱常洛刚刚即位,就龙体欠安,鸿胪寺丞李可灼进了红色丸药,皇上连连服用,最后一命呜呼,该丹药就是在这里生产的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">现在的药王庙已经修葺一新,基本保持原来格局,庙门西向,正对着看丹村大街。只是由于时日的沧桑造成庙院的地面大大低于周围地面。买张门票,价三元。庙宇有两进大殿,前面的大殿即祀奉秒应真人孙思邈,殿内有孙思邈塑像和他的“坐虎针龙图”壁画,中国的科学到了道家那里就变了味道,中医跟五行相连,医学家也成真人了。后面的大殿是三皇殿,祀奉伏羲、神农、轩辕。后院两侧有配殿,虽没有殿名,但可以看出南面是财神殿,北面是娘娘殿。娘娘殿有三位娘娘我姑且认为她们分别是送子娘娘,眼光娘娘和痘疹娘娘吧。庙内计有石碑七块,前殿两侧靠走廊处墙壁里嵌有石碑两块。前院石碑三,后院石碑二。较早的石碑分别立于乾隆三十年乙亥(疑为乾隆二十年,</span><span lang="EN-US">1755</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年)和嘉庆庚午年(</span><span lang="EN-US">1810</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年)。视其碑文无非简单记载着药王庙地理和历史等。里面有的镌刻了一些香会名称,如:悬灯会、香花会、献供会、攒香会、鲜果会、献戏会、斗香会、章子会、合意会等,在中国近代史这些会挡他们曾有不少活动,也不乏有一些记载,可惜研究他们的人鲜见。最新的碑立于</span><span lang="EN-US">2001</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年,是丰台区文化文物局为纪念修复药王庙而立的。其碑文提及花乡人民政府和北京华夏医院鼎力相助,没有提到同仁堂,而同仁堂则另立一石碑铭刻己功。庙南侧有一跨院,停放些汽车,凌乱堆着一些残破的石构件,欲上前查看,无奈有凶犬乱吼,只好作罢。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">与这里百姓聊,他们十分高兴谈及这里旧时庙会的热闹,每届庙会期间,北京四城,甚至远到东郊都有香客、会当前来。据说药王庙是京西白云观的下院。药王庙西原有一处寺院,名圆通寺,是潭柘寺的下院,香火甚至盛于药王庙,后倾覆。佛道之争无处不在。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">看丹村在丰台十八村中不仅因有药王庙而有名,原来本村的太平鼓,也远近闻名,我问村民现在还可以表演吗?他们说本村有王亚海、王兴元及一魏姓村民年轻时就是走会的高手,不过要想完全恢复也有困难。看丹村解放前有何姓刘姓两家地主。没听说有什么劣迹,文革中何家就挨了整。村民们说城里红卫兵听毛的,到乡下造反,他们哪里知道文革中将斗争矛头指向地富反坏右,其实是刘邓的主意。(</span><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="20" M="M"year="2010"><span lang="EN-US">2010-10-20</span></st1:chsdate><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><br/><br/><br/> <p>看丹药王庙院内的地面低于院外地面,证明寺庙岁月悠久。例如城里的智化寺、米市胡同南海会馆等处也是如此。</p>
<p>我在今年7月探访丰台区大井村时,老村民刘老先生告诉我,大井村东边有个万佛延寿寺,西边有个妙应寺,还说妙应寺是一个药王庙,看来妙应寺的名称和你看到的妙应真人孙思邈的对上号了。</p>
<p>刘老先生说,旧时,阴历四月二十八日,各处香会去看丹走会,路过大井村,村民就在东边的万佛延寿寺前边,搭建茶棚,招待香会休息饮茶,香会在这里表演。返回时,在西边休息,但是不作表演。</p>
<p>刘老先生说,他不清楚香会去看丹,拜的是什么庙,什么神。</p>
<p>黑龙网友告诉我,既然是四月二十八日,应该是药王的生日,恰好看丹就有药王庙。</p>
<p>我听住在看丹的朋友说,当地人说“看丹”,读音是“堪丹”,“看”字读为“看守”的“看”,一声,也不知道有什么讲究。</p>
<p>访古,是一件有趣的事情。</p> 学习了,多谢分享! <p><font size="4">看,本来就两读,古音“看”读平声(如堪),平水韵属于上平声十四寒。</font></p>
<p><font size="4">如李白《清平调》“<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">名花倾国两相欢,长得君王带笑看。解释春风无限恨,沉香亭北倚阑干。”</span></font></p>
<p><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">王昌龄《<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">李四仓曹宅夜饮</span>》“</span></font><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">霜天留后故情欢,银烛金炉夜不寒。欲问吴江别来意,青山明月梦中看。”</span></span></font></p>
<p><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">等等。</span></span></font></p>
<p><font size="4"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">后来也有读作去声的,平水韵入去声十五翰。古人认为读作去声是俗读。</span></span></font></p>
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