6月20日(周日)试运行调整拍记首次活动报名市委党校利玛窦郎世宁墓地
<p>1:必须跟帖报名,以便掌握人数。报名时间截至6月19日24时。人数不宜过多,早报名者优先入围参加活动。</p><p>2:拍记项目:北京市委党校院内,利玛窦、郎世宁、南怀仁等西方传教士墓地、墓碑、老教堂建筑群口字楼、山字楼等处。</p>
<p>3:门票10元,资深教授现场讲解院内4处景观历史,发放相关介绍资料彩页。</p>
<p>4:集合时间地点:2010年6月20日(周日)9时,北京市委党校门口,位于车公庄大街6号。</p>
<p>5:地址提示:西二环路官园桥以西,车公庄大街路南,地铁“车公庄站”以西,公交车站“三塔寺站”以西。</p>
<p>6:联系人手机:掌柜13522872255,食烟火斋13439715909。</p>
<p>7:天气预报:晴,微风,34度。<br/>8:可能可以打折购买最新内部发行学术著作《中西文化历史交流的见证一一北京东南西北四天主教教堂》,定价120元。是否可以买到以及打折多少正在联系中。</p>
<p>9:敬请参加活动的朋友们杜绝一切不文明的举止,维护老北京网的荣誉和社会公德。</p>
<p>10:未尽事宜,可以跟帖询问。</p>
<p>11:充足你的电池,带上你的防晒用品,这个周日,天亮就出发。预祝朋友们玩得快乐。谢谢。</p>
<p>12:午餐自由组合就近自行解决,午餐之后,视场地情况及朋友们的兴趣,食烟火斋预计开讲有趣的传教士来华故事。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>已经报名的朋友18位:</p>
<p> </p>
<p>掌柜,食烟火斋。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>蓟风,老鸵鸟,琉璃阁,小王卤煮,布衣亮子,其中不乏摄影高手啊。也见一见新科进士小王,和不爱做官的布衣朋友你们好啊。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>solin, 555找乐,逝去的光阴,又来摄影师啦。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>善缘残梦,逍遥游天下,清风徐来,杨贵妃喜欢的水果,三老一嫩,欢迎。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>大漠孤狼,听语漫步,小听语漫步,捕猎者与被猎者聚首啦。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>积雨误樵,现在已经18位了。差不多了。武英殿旁的周桥侧畔有18株古槐,号称十八学士。</p>
<p> </p> <p>此书作者,我的老学长余教授,如今在法国探访白晋、张成、雷孝思、蒋友仁等等传教士的故乡呢,周六返京下飞机,买书的事,此时尚无结果呢。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>8:可能可以打折购买最新内部发行学术著作《中西文化历史交流的见证一一北京东南西北四天主教教堂》,定价120元。是否可以买到以及打折多少正在联系中。</p>
南怀仁设计监造的大炮
<font size="4"> </font><p><font size="4"> 远在千年之前的唐宋时期,中国就已经发明了火药和火器。南宋时火药经过海路贸易传到阿拉伯,成吉思汗西征时火器又经陆路传至欧洲。造炮技术在欧洲获得迅猛发展,并逐渐超越了中国。到了明清时期,中国反而要向西方引进大炮和造炮人才。北京故宫午门前广场上,陈列着数十门明清古炮,其中那门最大的、配有炮车的“武成永固大将军”青铜巨炮,就是在清朝康熙年间由比利时籍传教士南怀仁设计的。<br/><br/></font></p>
<p>
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<font size="4"> 南怀仁,比利时人,生于1623年10月9日,1641年加入天主教法国耶稣会,1659年进入中国陕西传教。1660年奉召进京,作为已在清朝担任钦天监监正的汤若望的助手。汤若望去世后,南怀仁于清康熙八年(1669年)升任钦天监监副,执掌治理历法事务,并曾于1673年为钦天监观象台设计铸造了6台大型青铜天文仪器,此6台仪器至今仍陈列在建国门西南侧的古观象台上。<br/><br/> 南怀仁设计的多种大炮中,有3种型号被载入清朝权威官书《钦定大清会典》,分别是:轻型大炮“神威将军”型,重量390斤,装药八两,装铅弹十八两,共造240门。<br/> 中型大炮“神功将军”型,重量1000斤,装药一斤十二两,装生铁弹三斤八两,共造80门。<br/> 重型大炮“武成永固大将军”型,分大小两款,大款型重量7000斤,装药10斤,装生铁弹20斤;小款型重量3600斤,装药5斤,装生铁弹10斤,两款共造61门。<br/> 明朝人称红头发的西洋人为“红毛夷”,所以那时称西洋大炮为“红夷大炮”,后被不喜欢“夷人”说法的清朝改称为“红衣大炮”。</font></p>
<p><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New"> 明天启六年(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>1626</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">年)正月,努尔哈赤亲率八旗军全部主力</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>13</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">万人,攻打山海关外的宁远城。明朝守将袁崇焕手下只有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">万多兵力,但他凭借坚固的城墙和架设在城墙上的“红夷大炮”,击退了八旗军,并击伤了努尔哈赤。努尔哈赤被迫撤军,并于当年</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>8</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">月因伤重死去。</span></font></p>
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<p><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New"> 清顺治元年(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>1644</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">年),清军占领了北京城,将内城的汉民全部驱赶至外城和郊外,内城被八旗军及其家属瓜分为驻屯领地。镶黄、正白、镶白、正蓝四旗的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">个炮厂,各有厂房</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>35</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">间,集中设在雍和宫以东的炮局胡同至铜厂子胡同(今青龙胡同)一带。正黄、正红两旗的两个炮厂,各有厂房</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>30</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">间,设在西直门内的桦皮厂胡同。镶红、镶蓝两旗的两个炮厂,各有厂房</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>23</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">间,设在北沟沿炮厂胡同(今太平桥大街西兴盛胡同)。</span></font></p>
<p><font size="4"> </font></p>
<p><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">清康熙十二年(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>1673</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">年),三藩叛乱,在前线平叛的清军反映,笨重、庞大的“红衣大炮”在南方山区难以搬运,不利作战。康熙皇帝传谕兵部:“大军进剿,急需火器,着治理历法南怀仁铸造大炮,轻利以便登涉”。精通铸造工艺,但从未造过大炮的南怀仁答复康熙皇帝说:“铸炮之事,臣固略知一二,然其制法,究未精明。既承谕旨,勉造炮式一位,先行进呈试验”。</span></font></p>
<p><font size="4"> </font></p>
<p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New"><font size="4"> 陈列在故宫午门前广场上的这门“武成永固大将军”巨炮,是在南怀仁去世两年后,按其生前设计的图纸铸造的。</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;><br/></span><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New"> 这门巨炮,用青铜铸成,通体铸有精美的纹饰,实测炮管长度</span><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="3.62" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>3.62</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">米</span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">,炮膛深度</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="3.3" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>3.30</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">米</span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">,口径</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>15.5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">厘米,重量</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>3.5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">吨,配有铁木结构的炮车,炮尾还装有用于调节炮口俯仰角度的螺纹绞杠,是当时最庞大、最先进的牵引式重炮。</span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;><br/></span><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New"> 此型重炮有大、小两款,当年共铸造了</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>61</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">门。午门前广场的这门炮上刻有编号,为“第二十九号”,其炮管尾部铸有铭文“大清康熙二十八年铸造武成永固大将军,用药十斤,生铁炮子二十斤,制法官(设计师)南怀仁,监造官佛保,作官王之臣,匠役李文德、颜四”。</span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;><br/><br/></span><font size="4"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New"> 据英国科技史学家李约瑟所著《中国科学技术史》记述,当年</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>61</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">门“武成永固大将军”炮,至今仍有两门流落在伦敦的博物馆中。国内仅存的午门前广场这一门,曾于清末被德国人掠入东交民巷德国公使馆内藏匿,直至二战结束之后,才于</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times new=" lang="EN-US" mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: New? AR-SA? 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 14pt; FONT-SIZE: Roman?,?serif?;>1946</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-bidi-font-family: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: 1.0pt; mso-font-kerning: Roman?; mso-hansi-font-family: New? new="New">年索回,由故宫博物院收藏至今,已被定为国家一级文物。</span></font></p>
小炮还在那里,大炮最近不见啦
<br/><br/> <font size="5">一直生着小病,公司上班忙又请不了假,就这么带病坚持了有一阵儿了,真希望内天能痊愈,先报上名吧!!!</font> 报名!回复:(solin)还有名额吗?报名~
您是第六名,欢迎。 <p>温陵李贽《赠利西泰》:</p><p><font face="Verdana">逍遥下北冥,迤逦向南征。</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana">刹刹标名姓,山山纪水程。</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana">回头十万里,举目九重城。</font></p>
<p><font face="Verdana">观国之光未,中天日正明。</font></p> <font face="楷体_GB2312" color="#000000" size="5">陆老师:还能报名吗?报一个。谢谢。</font> 呼叫 荔枝、善缘残梦:参加活动时,现场颁发证书。 报名,一定参加! 有长达两个多月的时间没机会参加拍记活动听陆老师的课了, 可看到新通知了! 报名一人,谢谢。 <font size="4">哇!调整后的第一次拍记活动果然是重磅出击啊!还有陆老师精彩纷呈的讲座~~报名!!!</font> <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>食烟火斋</i>在2010-6-18 22:04:00的发言:</b><br/>
<p>善缘残梦,欢迎参加,并且发证。逍遥游天下,清风徐来,这几位老先生,当然热烈欢迎。截止谁,也不能截止您们啊。</p></div>
<p> 谢谢!!!</p> <p>真是不错呀 这么多的朋友支持</p>
<p>很难得的活动</p>
<p>可惜(学着某一位大人物的语气说)</p>
<p>本人不在北京 要出趟门 受联合国的特别邀请 去考察厕所 </p>
<p>坐火箭去 哈哈</p>
<p>不能参加活动 太遗憾了</p> <p>善缘残梦,欢迎参加,并且发证。逍遥游天下,清风徐来,这几位老先生,当然热烈欢迎。截止谁,也不能截止您们啊。</p>
郎世宁和宫廷画
<p>《旧稿片段》</p><p> </p>
<p>郎世宁,原名朱佩塞?伽斯底里奥内,1688年出生于意大利的米兰,19岁时加入教会组织耶稣会,是个颇具名气的青年画家,曾为热那亚教堂绘制过壁画,后由耶稣会派遣来中国传教,于清康熙五十四年(1715年)到达北京,得到康熙皇帝的接见。</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>康熙虽对传播洋教不感兴趣,但对教士们带来的科学技术颇为看重。在当时,国家使用的历书是由日耳曼教士汤若望编制的,平定三藩之乱急需的大炮是由比利时教士南怀仁设计的,康熙身患疟疾时,也是由法国教士白晋等人用外来的金鸡纳霜治愈的。康熙皇帝欢迎画家郎世宁的到来,他安排郎世宁到內务府造办处供职。</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>雍正皇帝十分欣赏郎世宁的绘画,曾派多名中国画家去做他的学生。乾隆在25岁当皇帝之前,也多次去过造办处观看他作画。郎世宁绘制过一幅《平安春信图》,画面是雍正和乾隆父子二人身穿汉装,在竹林下玩赏一支梅花,这幅画长期悬挂在养心殿里。乾隆皇帝72岁那年,对照自己在这幅画里年轻时的容貌,感慨地吟诗一首说:“写真世宁擅,绘我少年时。入室皤然者,不知此是谁”?据说在这幅画的后面,藏有一道暗门,是遇到危险时的紧急出口。</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>新疆准噶尔部酋长达瓦齐兵败遭擒后,被押回北京,在皇宫午门举行了献俘仪式,过后乾隆皇帝赦免了达瓦齐,封他为亲王,安排他住到宝禅寺街,即今西城区宝产胡同。清人笔记《啸亭杂录》说,达瓦齐极为肥胖,脸大如盆,腰大十围,他不耐北京暑热,经常在水池里驱赶鸭鹅,嬉水为乐。清宫档案记载,乾隆二十一年四月初一日,郎世宁奉命到宝禅寺街,为达瓦齐绘制了“脸像”,即现在所说的头像。郎世宁还为战斗英雄阿玉锡画了《持矛荡寇图》。阿玉锡在伊犁格登山战役中,曾率22名骑兵勇闯敌阵,击溃了达瓦齐的万人军队。</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>乾隆当上皇帝的第二年,曾让郎世宁为11名后妃画像。久居中国、深知宫廷禁忌的郎世宁不敢紧盯着后妃们观察,因此他画成的11个女人容貌都大同小异,难分彼此。当乾隆让郎世宁评论哪个妃子最漂亮时,他回答说当时没敢仔细看,只是仰着头在数房顶上的瓦片。乾隆又追问他瓦片的数量是多少,他回答是每行30片。乾隆叫太监去核对,数量果然不差。此事令乾隆皇帝觉得郎世宁确是个有诚信的正人君子。</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>永定河畔买地惹是非</p>
<p>大王庙里遗留圣旨碑</p>
<p>在丰台区世界公园西边的永定河畔,有个北天堂村,因清代曾有北天主教堂而得名。此村距南苑不远,常去南苑的郎世宁于乾隆十五年从村民蔡永福手里购买了一些农田和生长芦苇的河滩地,想靠收取地租和卖芦苇所得来贴补生活费用。不料,蔡永福经手转卖的农田是官府分配给旗人的旗地,法律规定不准买卖,对违者要依法治罪并撤消交易。乾隆皇帝赦免了郎世宁的“罪行”,并颁发圣旨说,郎世宁是西洋远人,不懂中国规距,况且他定居京城,也需要谋求生计,此次所买地产无需退还,但是下不为例。</p>
<p>郎世宁将这篇圣旨摘录刻成石碑,立在买到的农田地头,以纪念皇帝的恩典,同时也以此证明自己对这片地产的合法权利。这块石碑现存于北天堂村的大王庙。大王庙原名金堤永固庙,是1891年为纪念修筑永定河大堤而建造的龙王庙。紧傍着大王庙东墙的西五环南路,从北天堂村的村口通过,年老的村民说,当年郎世宁购买的田地,就在村口路基的下面。</p> <p><strong><font color="#003300" size="4">琉璃阁报名参加,听陆老师讲讲古。</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font color="#003300" size="4">一人</font></strong></p>
您见过郎世宁的照片吗?
<br/> 琉璃阁好友,周日您来了,送您一本琉璃书。 <img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2010-6/201061819334551220.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> <img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2010-6/201061819352981007.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> <br/> 小王报名!还没参加过活动呢!! 报名! <br/>大家应该认识这位朋友的吧?
<a href="UploadFile/2010-6/201061819352981007.jpg" target="_blank"><img style="CURSOR: pointer" title="oldbeijing.org" border="0" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="UploadFile/2010-6/201061819352981007.jpg" onload="imgresize(this);"/></a> 还有名额吗?报名~ <p><font size="5">景陵谭元春《过利西泰墓》:</font></p><p><font size="5">来从绝域老长安,分得城西土一棺</font></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">斫地呼天心自苦,挟山超海事非难。</font></span></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">私将礼乐攻人短,别有聪明用物残。</font></span></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">行尽松楸中国大,不教奇骨任荒寒。</font></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5"></font></span> </p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5"></font></span> </p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">食烟火斋注释:</font></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5"></font></span> </p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">“利西泰”,就是利玛窦。</font></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">“分得城西土”,就是阜成门外,旧称“滕公栅栏”的现在的市委党校院内。</font></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">“松楸”,多植于墓地,是古代墓地的代词。</font></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT: medium="medium"=" class="Apple-style-span" 0px? medium?=";" Apple-style-span? WORD-SPACING:><font size="5">“景陵”?我也不知道啦。</font></span></span></p>
<p> </p>