粗谈宋陵
<p> 宋陵，即北宋（公元960-1127年）帝陵。位于巩义市境内，北宋皇陵的诸帝陵园建制统一，平面布局相同，皆坐北朝南，分别由上宫、宫城、地宫、下宫4部分组成<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>永昭陵和永厚陵在市区，别的都分布在县城的四边。永昭陵现在修复为市民公园，紧按博物馆。永厚陵是英宗（赵曙）的陵在永昭陵西面500米，从永昭陵西大门出来穿过新华路，走完陵前路就能看到旷野里的永后陵。真宗（赵恒）的永定陵相对来说保存的最好，可在汽车站坐开往西村镇的巴士告诉司机在永定陵下车。就在路边也是唯一要收门票的（20元）的。太祖（赵匡胤）的永昌陵和宣祖（赵弘殷）的永安陵坐开往西村镇的车在林洼下车，都坐落在田野中。太宗（赵光义）的永熙陵在太祖（赵匡胤）永昌陵的西南约1公里，沿着田野土路穿过村庄，被村庄怀包着。</p><p>神宗（赵顼）永裕陵和哲宗（赵煦）永泰陵，当地人叫东大陵和西大陵可坐开往八陵镇的车到八陵，下车走到路尽头，拐上往东村路，穿过村庄就可望见坐落在田野中的皇陵。</p>
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<p> </p> 宋陵的雕刻看起来好像没有明朝的精细，也没有唐朝的大气。人物看起来怪怪的。 <p align="center"><font size="5"> </font></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"><font size="5">神秘地宫的惊鸿一瞥</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">宋陵历尽劫难，不知曾有几多盗贼擅闯皇堂（地宫）偷窃宝物，但皇堂究竟是什么样子的，盗贼没有告诉我们。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">皇堂是当时国家的最高机密，所以史书上对其语焉不详。别说皇堂，就是陵区的上宫、下宫等地面建筑，史书也很少提及。复建永昭陵时，也只是在发掘的地基上，按照宋代的营造法式新建了一些建筑。因此有专家认为：“宋代的昭陵到底是不是现在的样子，谁也不敢肯定。”这也是他反对复建永昭陵的一个理由。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">打开一个皇堂，一直是多年来巩义市发展旅游业的梦想。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">但要打开一个皇堂谈何容易，这事连国家文物局说了都是白说，必须征得国家</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">最高一级领导人</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">的签字同意。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">但有关地宫的一些支离破碎的信息，我们也不妨窥视一番，这才叫惊鸿一瞥呀！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">地宫内：手电筒亮若小烟头</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">|</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">巩义市文物保管所副研究员傅永魁下地宫是在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">1971</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年林彪出逃的动荡年代。不是这年代，他也许就没有机会、也没有胆量擅闯皇堂。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">那年，开封杂技团到巩义演出，傅永魁和杂技团的同志谈及宋英宗永厚陵陵台上有个露天盗洞。永厚陵和永昭陵都在城区，到永厚陵很方便。得知这些情况后，杂技团的同志当即表示：“咱们下去吧，我们有绳！”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">傅永魁和杂技团的一个小青年缒绳而下到达底部后，先是吓了一跳：“脚下是个骷髅！”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">怎么会有个骷髅呢？肯定不是陪葬的，宋代不兴这，没有陪葬这一说。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">会不会是盗墓的呢？也不会是。你想，他盗到了好东西，上面的人能不把他拉上去吗？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">“估计是哪个动荡年代的冤魂。”傅永魁说。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">他们稍微向里移动了一下，打开随身带来的手电筒，向黑暗处一照，才知道这手电筒根本不管用，在漆黑的皇堂内它近乎成为一个小烟头。“皇堂简直就是个黑洞，无奈，我只好靠手探索。”傅永魁说。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">皇堂是用石头砌成的，长、宽大约</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">50</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">60</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">米</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">。傅永魁没有摸到陵门，也没有碰到应该放在中间的棺材，洞内的土不很实在。傅永魁说：</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">“皇堂的面积应该有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">3000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">多平方米，从底部到露天盗洞口估计有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">10</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">多米。因为没有发现墓门和棺材，估计下面至少堆积有</span><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="10" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">10</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">米</span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">的泥土。皇堂是按天圆地方的概念建造的，顶部似乎画着什么东西，应该是天象图。”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">在皇堂内，傅永魁没有发现其他可以移动的东西。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">如今，永厚陵的露天盗洞早被封死，皇堂的开启恐怕也只是遥遥无期的企盼，其结构如何，谁都说不清。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"-61.65pt 0pt="0pt"-53.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: -5.87gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: -5.14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.56"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">后来，在复建永昭陵、整修陵台的过程中，傅永魁发现了一个盗洞。怀着天大的好奇心，他自陵台顶部连续揭掉</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">层</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="厘米" sourcevalue="60" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">60</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">厘米</span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">见方的青石（即</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="3" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">米</span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">厚的石顶），还是没能让地宫曝光。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p> 宋陵的石刻我挺喜欢的。
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