fang916 发表于 2009-6-25 11:37:00

顾贞观《金缕曲》和千佛寺

 
<p><font color="#000000"><font size="2"><b>顾贞观《金缕曲》和千佛寺</b><b></b></font></font></p><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">日前,北京人艺上演了的新编历史剧《知己》,剧情主要为清代词人顾贞观</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">在康熙十五年(1676)与明珠之子纳兰性德相识,成为挚友。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">二人合力营救因「丁酉科场案」而蒙冤被流放宁古塔的好友吴兆骞。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">为此顾贞观留下了千古名词《金缕曲》:</font></p><br/>
<p><b><font color="#000000" size="2">《金缕曲》:</font></b></p>
<p><b><font color="#000000" size="2"></font></b>&nbsp;</p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">寄吴汉槎宁古塔,以词代书。丙辰冬,寓京师千佛寺,冰雪中作。&nbsp; </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2"></font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2"></font>&nbsp;</p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2"></font>&nbsp;</p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">季子平安否? </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">便归来,生平万事,那堪回首。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">行路悠悠谁慰籍,母老家贫子幼。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">记不起,从前杯酒。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">魑魅搏人应见惯,总输他,覆雨翻云手。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">冰与雪,周旋久。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><br/><font color="#000000" size="2">泪眼莫滴牛衣透, </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">数天涯,依然骨肉,几家能够? </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">比似红颜多命薄,更不如今还有。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">只绝塞,苦寒难受。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">廿载包胥承一诺,盼乌头马角总相救。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">置此札,兄怀袖。<br/><br/>我亦飘零久。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">十年来,深恩负尽,死生师友。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">宿昔齐名非忝窃,只看杜陵穷瘦。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">曾不减,夜郎僝愁。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">薄命长辞知己别,问人生,到此凄凉否? </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">千万恨,为君剖。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><br/><font color="#000000" size="2">兄生辛末吾丁丑, </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">共些时,冰霜摧折,早衰蒲柳。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">词赋从今须少作,留取心魂相守。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">但愿得,河清人寿。 </font></p>
<p align="left"><font color="#000000" size="2">归日急番行戍藁,把空名料理传身后。 </font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">言不尽,观顿首。</font></p><br/><br/><br/><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">其词序中提到:丙辰冬,寓京师千佛寺……。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">丙辰是康熙十五年(1676),那么顾贞观所居的千佛寺又在哪里呢?</font></p><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">查阅清乾隆北京城图,图中共有四个叫千佛寺的寺庙。它们分别位于:</font></p><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">安定门西千佛寺胡同(今千福巷)。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">东直门内的草场胡同(今草园胡同)。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">外城枣林街西头(今枣林西街菜园北里)。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">东横街(今南横东街)和阎王庙街(今迎新街)的交叉口东。</font></p><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">今千福巷内的千佛寺在《日下旧闻考》(866页)是这样记载的,</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">“吉祥寺即元之千佛寺也,在都城金台坊,</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">正统戊午年五月(正统三年&nbsp; 1438年)敕赐为吉祥寺,而俗犹以千佛寺称之。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">万历九年(1581年),另建千佛寺于德胜门八步口,遂称小千佛寺以别之。”</font></p><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">就是说元代的千佛寺在明正统三年被皇帝改名为吉祥寺,</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">但民间一直叫它千佛寺。万历九年在距此不远的八步口另建了一座千佛寺,</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">这里才改称小千佛寺,而它所在的胡同一直叫千佛寺胡同。</font></p><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">原来的八步口由于修建醇亲王祠堂被分成八步口和大石桥两条互不相通的胡同。</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">成书于崇祯八年(1635年)的《帝京景物略》(41页)记载,</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">“孝定皇太后建千佛寺于万历九年,殿供毗卢那佛……”。</font></p><br/>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">《日下旧闻考》(876页):“千佛寺,本朝雍正十一年奉敕重修,赐名拈花寺。”</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">&nbsp;所以这座在清乾隆北京城图中的拈花寺,</font></p>
<p><font color="#000000" size="2">在顾贞观生活的康熙年间也叫千佛寺。</font> </p>
<p><br/></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">如今,拈花寺成为人民大学印刷厂,一些主要建筑虽然还都存在,但已经破败不堪。</span></p>
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"></span><br/>&nbsp; <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">小千佛寺的原址上已是一座破旧的红砖楼,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">据当地的老住户介绍,</span></p>
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">上世纪五十年代初,这里还有许多寺院的遗存,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">后来建了一座三层的简易楼,</span></p>
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">寺被彻底平毁。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1965</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New? new="New">年千佛寺胡同也改名为千福巷。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><br/>&nbsp;</p>
<p></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New? new="New">令人意想不到的是,如今新钉在红砖楼上的门牌已经不是千福巷,而是千佛巷,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New? new="New">虽然只有一字之差,但也能看出人们对千佛寺的怀念。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New? new="New"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New? new="New"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p><br/></p>
<p>&nbsp; <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New? new="New">这里还有一个叫千佛寺的小粮店,也算是这座古老寺院唯一的遗迹。</span></p>
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New? new="New"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><font face="宋体"></font></o:p></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">枣林西街的千佛寺在今菜园北里原橡胶六场内(《宣武地名志》<span lang="EN-US">86</span>页)。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《宸垣识略》(<span lang="EN-US">198</span>页)是这样记载的,“千佛寺在枣林街,明嘉靖重建,有明碑一”。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在清乾隆北京城图的说明(<span lang="EN-US">105</span>页)记有,“千佛寺明嘉靖年间建,万历年间落成。”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">并注明资料来源是《明重建古刹千佛寺碑记》,但不知此碑现藏于何处。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">如今,橡胶六场已经迁走,这里建起了高楼,遗迹无处可寻。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p><br/>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">草园胡同的千佛寺未见任何文字记载。仅在清乾隆《京城全图》上标有其位置和规模 ,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">这座千佛寺位于草园胡同东口路北,其规模除去山门、一座正殿和东西配殿之外,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">仅有四座建筑,房间很少。(《东华图志》<span lang="EN-US">35</span>页)<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">如今草园胡同东口路北已经拆迁,从胡同口往里大约二百多米除了一间厕所之外拆得是一无所有。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在路南的草园胡同<span lang="EN-US">2</span>号我特地找到一位八十多岁的老大爷向他求证,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">他说,他从小就在这里生活,从来没有在这里见过什么庙。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">其实在光绪三十四年的北京地图上,这里的确已经没有任何寺庙了。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">看来这座千佛寺早就不复存在了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">南横街千佛寺在《宸垣识略》(<span lang="EN-US">205</span>页)中仅有一句,“千佛寺在横街中”。<span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《光绪顺天府志·坊巷》 中记载,“南横街有千佛庵……” 。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《光绪顺天府志·寺观》 中记载,“潘家河沿南口外为南横街,横街中有千佛寺。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">曾国藩在日记中也记着,“ <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="True" day="25" month="2" year="2009">二月初一</st1:chsdate>(道光二十年),移寓南横街千佛庵,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">屋四间,每月赁钱四千文。”<span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《宣武区地名志》(<span lang="EN-US">107</span>页)在介绍南横街时说,“<span lang="EN-US">109</span>号为古刹增寿寺,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">查乾隆时地图千佛寺即今增寿寺。” </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">本人在最近参观首都博物馆时看到一幅民国十七年的北京地图,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">南横街的增寿寺和乾隆时北京地图的千佛寺在同一位置,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">看来这座寺庙叫千佛寺(庵)又叫增寿寺。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">关于增寿寺《日下旧闻考》(<span lang="EN-US">968</span>页)记载,这里曾经是辽代的仙露寺,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">金人曾经将俘获的宋室宗亲关押于此,明代和乾隆二十一年重修。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">民国十七年(<span lang="EN-US">1928</span>)《北平特别市寺庙登记》 中记,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“增寿寺坐落外五区南横街<span lang="EN-US">29</span>号,建于明,宣统元年重修,本庙面积东西七丈五尺。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">南北十八丈五尺,房屋三十八间,自己管理,余房出租。”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(《北京寺庙历史资料》<span lang="EN-US">64</span>页) 看来此庙规模不小,而且一直有余房出租。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">如今这里正在进行大规模拆迁,现迎新街南口将拓宽为马路。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">如果将来能在此树立一个标志,告诉我们的后人这里曾经有过一座古老的寺庙,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">也算是不幸中的万幸吧。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">以上这五个千佛寺究竟哪个是顾贞观住过的呢?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">我认为应该是大石桥胡同或南横街的其中一座。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">而其它三座因为规模太小或地处偏僻所以可能性不大。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">先说大石桥胡同的千佛寺,“丙辰冬”是康熙十五年(<span lang="EN-US">1676</span>),</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">此时顾贞观被明珠聘为家馆塾师,当时的明珠府即今天后海的醇亲王府,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">距大石桥胡同的千佛寺很近,顾贞观住在这里上班非常方便。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">但有两点疑问,一是堂堂的明珠府给<st1:PersonName w:st="on" productid="家馆的">家馆的</st1:PersonName>先生找一间住房应该不成问题,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">何必让顾贞观到外面找房住?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">二是清朝初年,明令禁止汉人在内城居住,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">但不知道汉人能否在某一寺庙内临时租住?倘若不行,那顾贞观就只能住到南横街了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">另外,顾贞观在康熙元年就到达京师,康熙五年中举,曾任内阁中书,康熙十年离京回乡。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">他在京居住十年,应该有相对固定的居所。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">而当时宣南一带是汉人官吏文人的住所和会馆云集的地方。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">比如时任刑部尚书、曾为营救吴兆骞在朝中斡旋的徐乾学就居住在神仙胡同(菜市口胡同)。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">他家的碧山堂是当时宣南一带著名的文人聚集地。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">再有,与顾贞观吴兆骞亦师亦友的吴伟业在京为官时,住在魏染胡同。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">此外,无论是曾国藩的日记还是<span lang="EN-US">1928</span>年北平寺庙登记,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">都告诉我们这座千佛寺一直有多余的房屋出租。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">所以我认为当年顾贞观住在这里似乎更为合理。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p><br/><br/><br/>&nbsp;</p>

析津志 发表于 2009-6-25 11:54:00

图文并茂,写的好,分析的也好.

houlei_001 发表于 2009-8-23 00:29:00

<p>我非常喜欢纳兰性德和顾贞观,个人比较倾向于顾贞观住在南城的千佛寺,毕竟他虽然是名士,但仅仅是布衣。当时满族的权贵们能够接触南方知识分子,本身带着一种统治者的、赏赐的心态,能像纳兰那样礼贤下士的毕竟不多,这样才更加表现出纳兰的不平常。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>不过,《知己》这出戏虽然是《李白》的编剧,水平很高,但这个题材不好写,太文了,当代观众对古人吟诗作文并没什么兴趣,而且也难以理解这种知己之情。而且纳兰性德在剧中其实是第一配角,主要的戏表现的是顾贞观对吴兆骞的知己之情,纳兰仅仅是穿插作用,这样处理不好,毕竟今天的观众基本上没听说过这两位,而且很多人都是作为纳兰性德的粉丝才来看戏的,才造成戏本来不错,但是评价不高……</p>

pangong 发表于 2009-8-23 11:43:00

<p>顾贞观金缕曲,幼时曾读,颇熟。知己未看过。早年常翻饮水词。我以为顾贞观住南城。</p>

fang916 发表于 2009-8-21 12:53:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>析津志</i>在2009-6-25 11:54:00的发言:</b><br/>图文并茂,写的好,分析的也好. </div>
<p>谢谢</p>

天子脚下 发表于 2011-1-11 20:42:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>pangong</i>在2009-8-23 11:43:00的发言:</b><br/>
<p>顾贞观金缕曲,幼时曾读,颇熟。知己未看过。早年常翻饮水词。我以为顾贞观住南城。</p></div>
<p>同是贺新郎的词牌儿,但纳兰词的水平明显不及梁汾,词得至高境界是平实如话,而纳兰词就显得有点儿绕嘴了。怪只能怪,顾氏珠玉在前,<font size="3">崔颢有诗在上头。</font></p>
页: [1]
查看完整版本: 顾贞观《金缕曲》和千佛寺