故宫冷宫何处
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">冷宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>在哪里，要先谈<span lang="EN-US">“</span>三宫六院<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。故宫中路乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫称为<span lang="EN-US">“</span>三宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。六院分别指东路六宫：斋宫、景仁宫、承乾宫、钟粹宫、景阳宫及永和宫。封建帝王有着<span lang="EN-US">“</span>至高无上<span lang="EN-US">”</span>的权力，可以随心所欲地挑选妃子。皇帝的妻妾众多。至于选到宫中的女子，一旦失宠，便在宫中禁室里等死，更为悲惨。<span lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> 故宫的<span lang="EN-US">“</span>冷宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>并无定所，但历来有两种说法，一说即是乾清宫、长春宫；一说<span lang="EN-US">“</span>冷宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>无固定地址，关禁王妃、皇子的地方，便俗称<span lang="EN-US">“</span>冷宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。查遍所见明、清史料，冷宫并不是某一处宫室的正式命名。根据一些文献记载，明、清时代被作为<span lang="EN-US">“</span>冷宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>的地方有好几处。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> 明末天启皇帝时，成妃李氏得罪了权势赫赫的太监魏忠贤，被由长春宫赶到御花园西面的乾西，一住四年。先后被幽居乾西的，还有定妃、恪嫔等人。这个<span lang="EN-US">“</span>冷宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>在紫禁城内之西。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> 光绪皇帝的珍妃被慈禧落井之前，据说关在景祺阁北边北三所<span lang="EN-US">(</span>现坍毁<span lang="EN-US">)</span>，这地方就在今天珍妃井西边的山门里。如果这一出自太监之口的传闻属实，则此地也算得一处<span lang="EN-US">“</span>冷宫<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4" align="left"><a name="13_2"></a><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">门字之谜<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">故宫各门匾中<span lang="EN-US">“</span>门<span lang="EN-US">”</span>字末笔直下至底没有向上的勾脚，为什么故意写成这样呢？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> 原来<span lang="EN-US">“</span>门<span lang="EN-US">”</span>字的这种写法宋代就有了。据说宋偏都临安后，玉牒殿失火，殿门烧光。宰臣奏说，宫殿匾额中的<span lang="EN-US">“</span>门<span lang="EN-US">”</span>字，末笔都有勾脚，带火笔，因此招火，将这些匾额全部烧掉方能免灾。从此以后，凡宫殿的匾额，书写时<span lang="EN-US">“</span>门<span lang="EN-US">”</span>字末笔都直下，不勾脚。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> 有一个为写<span lang="EN-US">“</span>门<span lang="EN-US">”</span>字而丧生的故事，更能说明宫殿匾额<span lang="EN-US">“</span>门<span lang="EN-US">”</span>字无勾的原因：明太祖在南京命中书詹希原写太学集贤门匾，所写<span lang="EN-US">“</span>门<span lang="EN-US">”</span>字，末笔微微勾起，多疑的明太祖便大发雷霆说：我要招贤，你詹希原这厮要闭门，塞我贤路！遂下令斩之。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4" align="left"><a name="13_3"></a><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">故宫设计者<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">故宫这样宏伟的建筑，如果浩大的工程，由谁负责设计？又是谁主持施工的？这的确是个历史谜团，难倒不少老北京人。因为故宫的建筑上没有如现代建筑那样明确地刻上此建筑物建于何年，由何人设计等字样。目前大多数人都认为故宫是明代一位杰出的匠师，姓蒯名祥，人称蒯鲁班的人设计的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> 故宫博物院古建部高级工程师于倬云先生提出了不同意见：曾经参加建造南京宫殿的蒯祥是故宫的设计者这个说法不确切，其实，蒯祥只是故宫的施工主持人，故宫真正的设计人应该是名不见经传的蔡信。永乐<span lang="EN-US">15</span>年紫禁城宫殿开始进入大规模施工高潮时，蒯祥才随朱棣从南京来到北京，开始主持宫殿的施工，而在此之前，蔡信已主持故宫和北京城的规划、设计和建造了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"> <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4" align="left"><a name="13_4"></a><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">三大殿院内为何不种树<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">有人撰文提出三大殿院内不种树，主要是出自烘托意境的需要。太和殿、中和殿、保殿并称外朝三大殿，是皇帝举行盛典的地方，从位置上说居整个外宫建筑的中心，也是整个北京城的中心。为了突出这组宫殿的威严气势，建筑上采取了许多手法，其一便是院内不植树，从皇城正门天安门起，经端门、午门、太和门，这之间的一系列庭院内都无树木<span lang="EN-US">(</span>现在端门前后的树是辛亥革命以后种植的<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。当时人们去朝见天子，进入天安门，经过漫长御道，在层层起伏变化的建筑空间中行进，会感到一种无形的，不断增长的精神压力，最后进入太和门，看到宽阔的广场与高耸在三重台基上的巍峨大殿，这种精神压力达到顶点。宽阔的广场、蓝蓝的天空，把三大殿映衬得更加威严壮观。而这正是至高无上的天子对自己臣民所要求的。如果在这些庭院内都种上树，绿荫宜人，小鸟鸣叫，那将会破坏朝廷的威严氛围。</span> <p>所谓冷宫，并非寒冷的冷，而是冷落的冷，冷清的冷。旧时宫中并无确定处所。也非一种官方说法。例如光绪后期居住的瀛台。</p>
<p>至于“北三所”，那已不是“宫”的范畴，是慈禧指定的囚禁地。</p>
<p>楼主这些文字，似乎附会较多。难得的是还知道于倬云。这是一位现今已经不太提起的老专家了。从小认识他。</p> 他好像是故宫建筑设计组组长吧 其实皇帝长时间不宠幸那位女人，那位女人所在的就可以是冷宫。只不过有些自由而已。
页:
[1]