基督教女青年会老宅今昔考
<p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">基督教女青年会老宅今昔考</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">王府井步行街北端十字路门的东北角，有一条幽静的西堂子胡同。这条胡同路北有几处近<span lang="EN-US">300 </span>年的老宅，其中的<span lang="EN-US">33 </span>号、<span lang="EN-US">35 </span><span class="GramE">号院曾</span>是基督教北京女青年会的会所。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>先说女青年会所。会所于<span lang="EN-US">1936 </span>年秋购得<span lang="EN-US">33 </span>号、<span lang="EN-US">35 </span>号院，当时能购得此两处院落也相当不易。北京女青年会创建于<span lang="EN-US">1916 </span>年，它是一个国际性的非政府组织。当年我国还很少有人想到妇女的教育问题，社会事业还没有妇女们的足迹，而女青年会的几位创始人，本着“尔识真理，真理释尔”的会训精神，提倡妇女德、智、体、<span class="GramE">群四育</span>兼重并进，提倡“天足”，号召妇女走出闺门步人社会。初创时会所设在东城甘雨胡同<span lang="EN-US">25 </span>号，当时既无资金，又无收人，经费来源只有请社会人上捐助。随后，不少热心公益的人士给予特别捐助，如总统黎元<span class="GramE">洪曾特捐</span>二千银元，教育局也捐二千，美国驻<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left="left"bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x" tabindex="0" productid="华大使" w:st="on">华大使</st1:PersonName>夫人捐一千… … 使得会务能够不断扩展。<span lang="EN-US">1922 </span>年购得东四马大人胡同<span lang="EN-US">12 </span>号（今育群胡同）会所，但北城一带当年难以开展会务，遂迁往东城锡拉胡同<span lang="EN-US">19 </span>号。至<span lang="EN-US">1936 </span>年，女青年会工作渐多，社会活动频繁，会所日显狭窄。<span lang="EN-US">3 </span>月<span lang="EN-US">4 </span>日，董事会决定举行征友特别运动。女青年会每年举行征友，该年度之目的预定征友一千人，募会费二万元，以筹足购买西堂子<span lang="EN-US">33 </span>号、<span lang="EN-US">35 </span>号宅院款项。</span><span lang="EN-US">33</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">号（原</span><span lang="EN-US">18</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">号）</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是税务署，<span lang="EN-US">35</span>号（</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">原</span><span lang="EN-US">19</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">号）是税务督</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">办的住宅。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">征友运动设五大队，以美洲、亚洲、非洲、欧洲、澳洲五大洲命名，每大队设十小队，每小队五人。由热心会员</span><span lang="EN-US">250 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">人组成</span><span lang="EN-US">50 </span><span class="GramE"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">个</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">队，每日统计征友人数，公布各队成绩，展开竞赛。美洲队由美国驻华大使<st1:PersonName style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left="left"bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x" tabindex="0" productid="詹森" w:st="on">詹森</st1:PersonName>夫人任名誉队长，亚洲队由宋哲<st1:PersonName style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left="left"bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x" tabindex="0" productid="元军长" w:st="on">元军长</st1:PersonName>夫人任名誉队长…</span> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">…</span> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">各小队长有<st1:PersonName style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left="left"bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x" tabindex="0" productid="雷洁琼" w:st="on">雷洁琼</st1:PersonName>女士、北大校长<st1:PersonName style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left="left"bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x" tabindex="0" productid="蒋梦麟" w:st="on">蒋梦麟</st1:PersonName>夫人、清华大学校长<st1:PersonName style="BACKGROUND-POSITION: left="left"bottom; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(res://ietag.dll/#34/#1001); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x" tabindex="0" productid="梅贻琦" w:st="on">梅贻琦</st1:PersonName>夫人等热心女青年会事业的人士担任。这次征友募捐运动规模空前，当年</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">《亚洲民报》 、《华北日报》 、《益世报》 等均有详细生动报道。<span lang="EN-US">20 </span>天的征友募捐运动，共筹款一万七千元，有不足，由中央政府及国际妇女友仁会捐款，征友运动很是隆重热闹。<span lang="EN-US">1936</span>年秋终于募足款项<span class="GramE">二万四二</span>银元，付款买妥，又几经周折，始于<span lang="EN-US">1937 </span>年元月将两个院落正式<span class="GramE">移交女</span>青年会。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>1937 </span>年<span lang="EN-US">6 </span>月<span lang="EN-US">21 </span>日，新会所修缮一新，一切办妥。是日<span class="GramE">举行女</span>青年会第二十一届年会，同时，举行新会的落成盛大茶会。到会来宾计有北平市社会局长雷嗣尚、美大使詹森夫妇、北大校长蒋梦麟夫妇、清华大学校长梅贻琦夫妇、北师大校长李蒸夫妇、燕京大学校长陆志韦夫妇等<span lang="EN-US">250 </span>余人及外侨<span lang="EN-US">20 </span>余人，会间并邀请美国使馆乐队助兴。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>会后来宾参观。会所大宅后院有房舍百余间，辟为女子宿舍。<span class="GramE">平日女舍门禁</span>森严，不得参观。是日开放，舍内清洁，二人一间，床被洁白，布置华美，并有浴室、盥漱室、洗衣室、餐厅、客厅，可谓本市当年之冠，参观者无不称赞。宿舍住客告满，以协和医院单身医护人员及外地在京就读之女学生为最多。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>自此，西堂子胡同<span lang="EN-US">33 </span>号、<span lang="EN-US">35 </span>号老宅院，呈现出一派欣欣向荣的时尚气象。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>再说一说<span lang="EN-US">33 </span>号和<span lang="EN-US">35 </span>号以及与它们相邻的<span lang="EN-US">25 </span>号、<span lang="EN-US">29 </span>号、<span lang="EN-US">31 </span>号宅院的历史。这几座宅院约建于清雍正年间，由养心殿造办处郎中、总管内务府大臣、尚书德保修建，其工料十分讲究。德保之子英和继承了这份产业。英和字<span class="GramE">煦</span>斋，满洲正白旗人，乾隆五十八年<span lang="EN-US">( 1793 </span>年）进士。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>清光绪六年（<span lang="EN-US">l850 </span>年），左宗棠平定关陇，收复新疆之后，奉旨<span class="GramE">人京授</span>军机大臣，兼管总理各国事务衙门时期，英和的后代将<span lang="EN-US">25 </span>、<span lang="EN-US">29 </span><span class="GramE">号院让给</span>左宗棠一家。英和时期曾扩建的<span lang="EN-US">33 </span>号院，虽远不及<span lang="EN-US">25 </span>、<span lang="EN-US">29 </span><span class="GramE">号院精致</span>，但也十分气派，门楼高大，门外左右各有上马石一座。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">当年<span lang="EN-US">29 </span>号左家院落尤为精致。朱漆大门，大门外左右也有上马石，门外对面八字影壁，门内一字影壁，东西屏门各四扇，绿油漆红斗方，东<span class="GramE">屏门四</span>字“东壁图书”，西<span class="GramE">屏门四</span>字“西园翰墨”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">进西屏门，有五间倒座门房。正面垂花门<span lang="EN-US">( l968 </span>年拆除），东西两侧游廊，<span class="GramE">经东西</span>游廊进第二座垂花门到上房院。正房三开间，东西耳房各二间，小院各<span class="GramE">一</span>。东西厢房各三间。正房及厢房门前均有抱柱对联，今挂钩犹存，抱柱对联早已不知去向。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>进东屏门（现<span lang="EN-US">25 </span>号院）为三进院。前院一排五间倒座，里院正房后窗外假山迎面，一瓶式门可通后院。当年整个院落房舍格局，轩敞而不觉其<span class="GramE">旷</span>，紧凑而又舒展。<span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>1884 </span>年（清光绪十年）法国侵略军大举内犯。据<span class="GramE">《</span> 北京历史纪年）记载，该年“<st1:chsdate w:st="on" year="2008" month="8" day="26" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False"><span lang="EN-US">8 </span>月<span lang="EN-US">26</span></st1:chsdate><span lang="EN-US"> </span>日慈禧下诏对法宣战”，左宗棠出京视师福建，卒于福州。他在西堂子胡同<span lang="EN-US">25 </span>、<span lang="EN-US">29 </span>号院住家前后不足<span lang="EN-US">5 </span>年。左宗棠之子左孝同于民国三年（<span lang="EN-US">l 914 </span>年）将<span lang="EN-US">25 </span>、<span lang="EN-US">29 </span>号院租给朱幼平至<span lang="EN-US">1922 </span>年。后画家<span class="GramE">溥</span>雪斋出银二万元，将<span lang="EN-US">29 </span>号院买下，并用万余元进行楠木装修，自己设计，古朴精美，但没</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">过几年又将精修的宅院卖给了他人。</span><span lang="EN-US">1950 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年，中国青年报社以</span><span lang="EN-US">3 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">亿（币改后折</span><span lang="EN-US">3 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">万）元买下，成为报社家属院，今已无当年之光彩。</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>1958 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年，</span><span lang="EN-US">33 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">、</span><span lang="EN-US">35 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">号女青年会院落挪做它用，党的十一届三中全会后，落实宗教政策，两座院落陆续归还女青年会，但</span><span lang="EN-US">35 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">号院内的花园、假山、回廊、房舍多年来未进行维护已显衰败。</span><span lang="EN-US">2005 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年，政府给予大力资助，动工修缮，现已建成“<span class="GramE">婧园雅筑</span>”宾馆。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p>这个教产落实费了老鼻子尽了！</p> <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>斑马</i>在2009-2-10 21:17:00的发言：</b><br/>
<p>这个教产落实费了老鼻子尽了！</p></div>
<p>我貌似没去过</p>
西堂子四合院修缮后
西堂子35号原来由外交部使用，当宿舍了，院内私搭乱建，部分廊子被拆。后来外交部撤出，将院子交还女青年会，并进行了修缮，图为修缮后的情况。<img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2009-9/2009911612181484.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> 我爷爷在四几年的时候给这里捐过钱……败家啊……
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