门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 20:34:00

神游清东陵(未完待续)

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">27</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">日</span></font><chsdate></chsdate><chsdate></chsdate><chsdate></chsdate><chsdate></chsdate><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">,老北京网史地文化研究论坛组织网友去河北省遵化境内的“清东陵”考察,所喜之处不仅一路上有斑马讲解,还发有《初探清东陵》小册子,使我们对清东陵在史地文化上有了一定的了解。虽然在实地参观时没赶上斑马的讲解队伍,但回来后对照小册子也算来了个照片游览。我看大家的游记已经很详细了,我就借花献佛,把小册子上的介绍和我在网上查到的一些内容贴出,让大家和我一起神游清东陵!</font></span></p><h3 align="center" style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">清东陵概况</span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font size="4"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">地理位置</span></b><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"> 清东陵位于河北省遵化市<span lang="EN-US">, </span>界于北京、天津、唐山、承德、秦皇岛之间,西距北京<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="125" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">125</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>,南距天津<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="150" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">150</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">,</span>东南距唐山<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="100" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">100</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>,是我国现存规模最为宏大、体系最为完整、布局最为得体的清代皇家陵寝建筑群,规模为清朝三大陵区(关外三陵、东陵、西陵)之冠。<span lang="EN-US">
                                        <p></p></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font size="4"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">清东陵的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">15</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">座陵寝从</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">1661</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">顺治十八年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">首建顺治皇帝的孝陵开始,到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">1908</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">光绪三十四年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">最后建成慈禧皇太后的菩陀峪定东陵为止,营建活动延续了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><font face="宋体, MS Song">247</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">年。</span>整个陵区以昌瑞山为界,以北称<span lang="EN-US">"</span>后龙<span lang="EN-US">"</span>,是龙脉来源;以南称<span lang="EN-US">"</span>前圈<span lang="EN-US">"</span>。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">陵区南北长</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="125" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">125</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">公里</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、宽</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="20" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">20</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">公里</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,</span></font><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><font size="4">占地<span lang="EN-US">80</span>平方公里的<span lang="EN-US">15</span>座陵寝中,长眠着<span lang="EN-US">161</span>位清朝帝、后、妃及皇子公主们。其中有:入关第一帝清世祖顺治;功勋卓著,年少有为的清圣祖康熙;文治武功、寿命最长的清高宗乾隆;清初杰出的女政治家,辅佐两位皇帝的孝庄文皇后<span lang="EN-US">(</span>庄妃<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;内忧外患的清文宗咸丰;短暂人生的清穆宗同治;掌权达<span lang="EN-US">48</span>年之久的慈禧太后;还有给人以扑朔迷离之感的香妃等。</font><span lang="EN-US">
                                <p><font size="4"></font></p></span></span></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font size="4"><b><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">山川形势</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> </span></b><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">清代帝王在选勘陵址时,以中国传统的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">风水学</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">理论为依据,刻意追求</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">龙穴砂水无美不收,形势理气诸吉咸备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">的山川形势,以达到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">天人合一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">的意象。清东陵正是这种理念的最佳体现。陵区东侧的鹰飞倒仰山如青龙盘卧,势皆西向,俨然左辅;西侧的黄花山似白虎雄踞,势尽东朝,宛如右弼。靠山昌瑞山龙播凤翥,玉陛金阙,如锦屏翠障;朝山金星山形如覆钟,端拱正南,如持笏朝揖。案山影壁山圆巧端正,位于靠山、朝山之间,似玉案前横,可凭可依;水口山象山、烟墩山两山对峙,横豆陵区之南,形如阙门,扼守隘口。马兰河、西大河二水环绕夹流,顾盼有情;群山环抱的堂局辽阔坦荡,雍容不迫。这天然造就的山川形势,对于镶嵌于其中的陵寝形成了拱卫、环抱、朝揖之势,实为不可多得的风水宝地。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">在《清朝文献通考》中对清东陵有如此的描述:<span lang="EN-US">“</span>山脉自太行来,重岗叠阜,凤翥龙蟠,嵯峨数百仞。前有金星峰,后有分水岭,诸山耸峙环抱。左有鲇鱼关、马兰峪;右有宽佃峪、黄花山。千岩万壑,朝宗回拱。左右两水分流夹绕,俱汇于龙虎峪,崇龙巩固,为国家亿万年钟祥福地。<span lang="EN-US">”<span style="COLOR: black;">
                                                <p></p></span></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font size="4"><b><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">陵寝格局</span></b><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 清东陵的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">座陵寝是按照</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">居中为尊</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">长幼有序</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">尊卑有别</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">的传统观念设计排列的。入关第一帝世祖顺治皇帝的孝陵位于南起金星山,北达昌瑞山主峰的中轴线上,其位置至尊无上,其余皇帝陵寝则按辈分的高低分别在孝陵的两侧呈扇形东西排列开来。孝陵之左为圣祖康熙皇帝的景陵,次左为穆宗同治皇帝的惠陵;孝陵之右为高宗乾隆皇帝的裕陵,次右为文宗咸丰皇帝的定陵,形成儿孙陪侍父祖的格局,突现了长者为尊的伦理观念。同时,皇后陵和妃园寝都建在本朝皇帝陵的旁边,表明了它们之间的主从、隶属关系。此外,凡皇后陵的神道都与本朝皇帝陵的神道相接,而各皇帝陵的神道又都与陵区中心轴线上的孝陵神道相接,从而形成了一个庞大的枝状系,其统绪嗣承关系十分明显,表达了瓜瓞绵绵、生生息息、国祚绵长、江山万代的愿望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">
                                <p></p></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><font size="4">清东陵是中国封建皇陵的集大成者,是我国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶,它综合体现了中国传统的风水学、建筑学、美学、哲学、景观学、丧葬祭祀文化、宗教、民俗文化等文化,具有重要的历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值,是中华民族和全人类的文化遗产。<span lang="EN-US">
                                        <p></p></span></font></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232340642792.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-2-3 23:40:12编辑过]

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 20:41:00

石牌坊

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">石牌坊</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">是</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">清东陵</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">前面的第一座建筑,它是陵园的总门户,采用木结构建筑形式,完全用石料构筑而成。面阔</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="31.35" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">31.35</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">米</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、高</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="12.48" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">12.48</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">米</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,由五门六柱十一楼组成,其脊吻、跑兽、瓦垅、椽飞、斗栱完全用石料雕制而成,结构科学、巧妙。折柱、花板上雕刻着旋子彩画。夹杆石的顶部圆雕卧麒麟和卧狮。看面上分别雕刻云龙戏珠、夔龙献花、双狮戏球等图案,神采飞扬,形象生动,整座</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">石牌坊</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">挺拔高耸,华美壮观,堪为不可多得的艺术杰作。300多年来,虽然历经多次大地震的颠簸,到今无走闪之处,如此精美巨大的</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">石牌坊</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,在中国实不多见。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320395139014.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320395179361.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320395159537.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320395195106.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320395181336.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320405388601.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072323541428647.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /></p><p><font size="4">因为找不到这么大的牌楼的说明,边上开间的楼姑且按照建筑的开间叫法取名为“梢楼”。</font><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320405361320.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320405374455.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320405315552.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320413792026.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320413784568.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><br/></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-2-3 23:59:58编辑过]

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 20:46:00

大红门

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">大红门位于</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">石牌坊之北,清东陵的正门,有三座拱券式门洞。黄琉璃瓦单檐庑殿顶。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">面阔</span><chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="38" unitname="米"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">38</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,顺着大红门两侧有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">40</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">里的风水围墙。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232046487946.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232046480488.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232046424078.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 20:50:00

孝陵神功圣德碑亭和华表

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">孝陵神功圣德碑亭矗立在神道中央,亭内碑上用满汉两种文字记录</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">世祖顺治皇帝爱新觉罗福临的“丰功伟绩”。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">碑亭重檐歇山顶,黄琉璃瓦盖顶,檐墙四面各辟一券门</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">碑搂,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">亭外广场四角各竖华表一根</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">,顶部坐龙又称“吼”,面向南者称“望君出”,而面向北者称“望君归”。以表示君王纳谏之意。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">整组华表玲珑剔透,寓动于静。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
                        <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320494359988.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320494352531.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320494374903.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320494320472.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320494393765.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320511360008.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320511352550.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-2-3 20:51:18编辑过]

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 20:53:00

孝陵神路

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">孝陵神路南起金星山下的石牌坊,北到昌瑞山下的宝城、室顶,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">全长<chmetcnv wst="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="0" unitname="公里">6公里</chmetcnv>,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">沿朝山、案山、靠山的三山连线,将孝陵的数十座形制各异、多彩多姿的建筑相贯串,形成一条气势宏伟、序列层次丰富、极为壮观的陵区建筑中轴线。它虽然因势随形,多有曲折,但曲不离直,明确显现了南北山向的一贯,配合了山川形势,强化了主宾朝揖的天然秩序,产生了极富感染力的空间艺术效果。孝陵神路是清陵中最长的神路,也是最壮观、最富艺术性的神路。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320524563276.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><br/>

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 21:00:00

孝陵石像生

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">孝陵石像生共</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">18</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对,其中文臣</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对、武将</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对、站卧马各</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对、站坐麒麟各</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对、站卧象各</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对、站卧骆驼各</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对、站坐鋑猊各</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对、站坐狮子各</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对。另有望柱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对。所有石雕像均以整块石料雕成。不刻意追求形似,而注重神似,其风格粗犷、雄浑、朴拙、威武,气度非凡。这组石雕对称地排列在神道两侧,南北长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">800</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">多米,构成威武雄壮的长长队列,使皇陵显得更加圣洁、庄严、肃穆。孝陵石像生是清代陵寝中规模最大、最具特色的一组。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><p></p></span></p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320562258166.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320562250709.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320562273081.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320562218650.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320562291943.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320574883904.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320574884728.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320574817100.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320574852669.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320574889375.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320585557477.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320585513432.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320585535804.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320585571373.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320585554666.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320594535842.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320594528384.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320594550756.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320594586325.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072320594530359.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 21:03:00

猜猜

让大家猜猜这是石像生的那一部分?<img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232141053141.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232141093488.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232141073664.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-2-3 21:04:16编辑过]

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 21:06:00

龙凤门

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">龙凤门是由三间石雕火焰牌楼和四段琉璃壁组成的门坊。是阴阳两界的分界线。</span><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232161345357.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232161337900.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232161365881.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-2-5 1:33:49编辑过]

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 21:12:00

裕陵

<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">裕陵是清入关后第四帝清高宗爱新觉罗·弘历</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">(1711—1799)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">即乾隆皇帝的陵寝,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">内葬高宗乾隆皇帝,孝贤(弘历的嫡皇后)、孝仪(嘉庆皇帝的生母)二皇后,慧贤、哲悯、淑嘉三位皇贵妃。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">位于孝陵以西的胜水峪,始建于乾隆八年(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1743</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">),乾隆十七年告竣,耗银</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">170</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多万两。裕陵明堂开阔,建筑崇宏,工精料美,气势非凡,自南向北依次为圣德神功碑亭、五孔桥、石像生、牌楼门、一孔桥、下马牌、井亭、神厨库、东西朝房、三路三孔桥及东西平桥、东西班房、隆恩殿、三路一孔桥、琉璃花门、二柱门、祭台五供、方城、明楼、宝城、宝顶和地宫。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">乾隆皇帝的裕陵基本承袭了景陵规制,但稍有展拓。一是神路区的牌楼门以北增加了一孔拱桥。二是石像生增至</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对,比景陵多出</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">对。三是在陵寝门前增设了三路一孔玉带桥。四是在三路三孔桥两侧对称地各增设了一座三孔平桥。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥;"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;">裕陵玉带桥</span></b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #003300; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥;"> 裕陵玉带桥在隆恩殿后、陵寝门前的玉带河上。单孔拱券,三桥并排。桥面两侧安装白石栏杆,龙凤柱头。该桥造型优美,雕刻精细,小巧玲珑。这种规制的石桥在清陵中仅此一例。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;">&nbsp;</p><p></p></span>&nbsp;<img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232192545061.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><font size="3"><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072421224743262.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /></font><br/><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232192565584.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232192595544.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232192578838.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232111988654.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232111981197.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232111955765.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232111949138.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232111932431.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232112923416.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232112952546.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232112949548.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232112985117.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/2007232112926215.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072321123450654.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2007-2/20072321123491001.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-2-9 1:12:01编辑过]

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 21:19:00

<p>未完待续。</p><p>图上文字有几处错误,在此修正:石像生的“像”写成“象”了;“文臣”写成“文官”了;“隆恩殿”写成“龙恩殿”了。 </p>

老尹 发表于 2007-2-3 22:57:00

<font size="4">我说怎么好久没有看到你了,也没有看到了你的"粉丝"了哈哈........原来你是闷在家里认真进行准备了.我看后感觉真的很好,文字和图片都很好,谢谢你又让我回到了清东陵(虽然还没有完)老尹期待你的文章和照片.加油朋友!</font>

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-3 23:08:00

我家人病了,在医院守了一星期没上网,这才抽出空整理两张,大家的热情好象都过去了,我真象宝哥哥唱的了:“我来迟了......"

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-4 15:51:00

<p><font size="5"><font size="4">建议大家去这个网站看看:有明清皇陵被列为世界文化遗产的原因阐述,详细而专业,这次整理清东陵的资料时就受益非浅,很值得一看</font>!</font><a href="http://www.people.com.cn/GB/wenhua/1087/2525182.html" target="_blank"><font color="#000000">http://www.people.com.cn/GB/wenhua/1087/2525182.html</font></a></p>

康德拉太子 发表于 2007-2-4 17:28:00

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-4 21:08:00

<p>说的是,我也很纳闷,但按照小册子的顺序写的是井亭,我还以为是叫这个名字的碑亭呢,谢谢太子指正,赶紧改。</p>

康德拉太子 发表于 2007-2-5 10:21:00

花布小棉袄 发表于 2007-2-7 11:35:00

<p>一直都想知道牌楼上的各种雕花及构造的名称,就只有楼主发贴说明了,标注的这么仔细,真谢谢了!!!!!!</p><p>原来介绍门墩的时候也标注过各个部位的名称,真是上心了,得好好学习了.呵呵呵.......</p><p>希望楼主家人身体早日康复,快过年了,您也注意身体啊.顺便给您拜个早年.呵呵呵........</p><p>&nbsp;</p>

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-7 17:39:00

<p><font size="4">谢谢花布小棉袄的关心!家人已经出院,正在康复中。</font></p><p><font size="4">牌楼上各部件的名称我是参考了《中国古建筑木作营造技术》有关木牌楼的介绍。这本书很好,是古建筑专家马炳坚的大作。详细而易懂,不是学建筑的朋友一样可以看懂,记得当年我看这本书的时候,看亭子、游廊等古建筑的眼光就不一样了,看到的不再是表面而是一根根的木枋、梁、椽子等,这本书里连榫卯都有清晰立体的图例介绍,是了解古建筑木构造最好的一本书,建议大家看看。等过一阵我也象斑马似的列一些学习古建筑知识的书籍供大家参考。</font></p>

antme 发表于 2007-2-7 18:41:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>门当户墩</i>在2007-2-7 17:39:19的发言:</b><br/><p><font size="4">等过一阵我也象斑马似的列一些学习古建筑知识的书籍供大家参考。</font></p></div><p>真是好同志啊!</p><p>这书定价90.00</p><p>·<span class="dark">出版社:</span>科学出版社<br/>·<span class="dark">ISBN:</span>7030114876<br/>·<span class="dark">版次:</span>2<br/>·<span class="dark">精简装:</span>精装<br/><br/>是这本吧?网上有卖的。</p><font size="4"></font><p><font size="4">马炳坚还有一本《北京四合院建筑》,天津大学出版社出版的,也挺好的。</font></p>

门当户墩 发表于 2007-2-8 16:52:00

<p>是这本没错。<font size="4">《北京四合院建筑》也非常好,稍懂点建筑图知识的朋友都能看懂。180元一本,网上也有卖的还打折。</font></p>

爱屋及乌 发表于 2007-2-8 17:39:00

好图好帖好认真!学习。

单弦 发表于 2007-2-8 19:18:00

好图!我一直很想去清东陵看一看,但一直没时间去,争取利用春节放假去一趟,不知路上好走吗?

客人 发表于 2007-9-12 06:40:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>门当户墩</i>在2007-2-3 21:19:24的发言:</b><br/><p>未完待续。</p><p>图上文字有几处错误,在此修正:石像生的“像”写成“象”了;“文臣”写成“文官”了;“隆恩殿”写成“龙恩殿”了。 </p></div><p></p><p><font size="4">重看了一遍。图也好,文也好。真好!!!</font></p><p><font size="4">您的待续文章在哪里?</font></p><p><font size="4">特想看看。</font></p>

小小青蛙 发表于 2008-6-2 01:56:00

<p>墩儿姐的这个贴好像没看过呢</p>

zhaohq88694748 发表于 2008-6-2 08:13:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>康德拉太子</i>在2007-2-4 17:28:46的发言:</b><br/><p>第9楼第2张,左边的不是井亭,应该是小碑亭</p><p>可以看看别人的井亭照片,井亭不可能建在神道上</p></div><p></p><p>楼主好图好帖。</p><p>井亭在神厨库院之南墙外。</p><p>补二张裕陵井亭图片:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-6/200862813068990.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-6/2008628131682631.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>
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